中国居民健康获得感问卷编制及信效度评价  

Development of health gain questionnaire for Chinese residents and assessment on reliability and validity

作　　者：伍如昕[1] 赵慧敏 蔡嘉欣 杨燕贻[2] WU Ruxin;ZHAO Huimin;CAI Jiaxin;YANG Yanyi(School of Public Administration,Central South University,Changsha 410004,China;Health Management Center,The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University)

机构地区：[1]中南大学公共管理学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]中南大学湘雅二医院健康管理中心

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2024年第2期234-240,共7页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(编号:21BGL141)。

摘　　要：目的:初步编制居民健康获得感测量问卷,评价其信度和效度。方法:通过文献研究法、访谈法、专家咨询法探索居民健康获得感的内涵和结构并编制初始测量问卷。通过问卷星平台发放和回收问卷,利用SPSS 21.0软件进行项目分析、信度检验和探索性因子等多种统计分析;利用AMOS 21.0软件进行验证性因子分析,评价构建的模型与实测数据的拟合程度。结果:居民健康获得感问卷包括支持条件、健康基础、自我认知3个维度共12个条目。研究编制的居民健康获得感测量问卷信效度良好,各分维度的克朗巴赫α系数在0.832~0.870之间,整体问卷的克朗巴赫α系数为0.850;结构模型拟合指标良好,χ^(2)/df为2.214,CFI、NFI、TLI等拟合数据基本在0.9以上,RMSEA值为0.051,所有测量题项的因子载荷均在0.7以上,各维度的组合信度CR值都在0.8以上、AVE值均在0.5以上,居民健康获得感与校标变量生活满意度之间存在显著正向相关关系(r=0.289,P<0.01)。结论:编制的3维度12题项测量问卷有良好的信效度,能较好反映居民健康获得感的内涵和结构,可作为测量我国居民健康获得感的有效工具。Objective:To develop a preliminary measurement questionnaire for residents’sense of health gain,evaluate its reliability and validity.Methods:The connotation and structure of residents’sense of health gain were explored and the preliminary measurement questionnaire was developed by means of literature research,interview and expert consultation.The questionnaire was distributed and collected through the Wenjuanxing platform,and various statistical analyses such as item analysis,reliability test and exploratory factor were performed using SPSS 21.0 software;Validation factor analysis was performed using AMOS 21.0 software to evaluate the fit between the constructed model and the measured data.Results:The residents'sense of health gain questionnaire consisted of three dimensions—support conditions,health foundation,and self-cognition—with a total of 12 items.The reliability of the questionnaire was good,with Cronbach's alpha coefficients for each sub-dimension ranged from 0.832 to 0.870 and 0.850 for the overall questionnaire;The fit indices for the structural model were satisfactory,with theχ^(2)/df of 2.214,and the fitted data of the CFI,NFI,and TLI mostly above 0.9,RMSEA value of 0.051,all factor loadings of all items were above 0.7,composite reliabilities(CR)above 0.8 and average variance extracted(AVE)values above 0.5 for all dimensions,and there was a significantly positive correlation between the residents'sense of health gain and the calibration variable life satisfaction(r=0.289,P<0.01).Conclusion:The empirical results demonstrate that the developed 3-dimensional,12-item measurement questionnaire has good reliability and validity,effectively reflecting the content and structure of residents'sense of health gain.It can serve as an effective tool for measuring residents'sense of health gain in our country.

关 键 词：居民 健康获得感 问卷编制 信度 效度 

分 类 号：R395.9[哲学宗教—心理学]