无偿献血者血液标本检测结果的回顾性分析  

Retrospective Analysis of Blood Test Results of Volunteer Blood Donors

作　　者：刘祎 桑列勇 傅立强 LIU Yi;SANG Lie-Yong;FU Li-Qiang(Department of Laboratory Medicine,Shaoring Blood Center,Shaoring 312000,Zhejiang Province,China)

机构地区：[1]绍兴市中心血站检验科,浙江绍兴312000

出　　处：《中国实验血液学杂志》2024年第1期237-241,共5页Journal of Experimental Hematology

基　　金：绍兴市卫生计生科技计划项目(2017CX018)。

摘　　要：目的:分析绍兴市无偿献血者血液筛查结果不合格情况。方法:对2017-2021年共257145份无偿献血者的血液标本进行HBsAg、HCV、HIV、TP、ALT、HTLV、NAT检测,并对所有结果进行回顾性分析。结果:5年间无偿献血者血液检测平均不合格率为1.22%。其中各检测项目阳性率从高到低排列依次为:ALT为0.32%,HBsAg为0.25%,NAT为0.20%,TP为0.19%,HCV为0.17%,HIV为0.07%,HTLV为0.01%。其中HBsAg(χ^(2)=65.23),ALT(χ^(2)=47.32),HCV(χ^(2)=12.73),此3项年间阳性率均有显著性意义(P<0.05),而TP(χ^(2)=4.19),HIV(χ^(2)=7.58),NAT(χ^(2)=7.62),HTLV(χ^(2)=6.75)均无显著性差异(P>0.05),且HBsAg和HCV阳性率有逐年下降的趋势。通过对比核酸和酶免阳性检测情况,两方法有相互补充作用。经过对这部分阳性人群的年龄走势和性别分布分析,可以更好保障血液的安全招募。结论:加强血液检测工作及持续关注血源性疾病的阳性率变化规律是提高血液质量安全的必要手段。Objective:To analyze the results of unqualified blood screening among blood donors in Shaoxing region.Methods:257145 blood samples from volunteer blood donors from 2017 to 2021 were tested for HBsAg,HCV,HIV,TP,ALT,HTLV,and NAT.All blood test results were analyzed retrospectively.Results:Over the 5-year period,the average failure rate of the tests for volunteer blood donors was 1.22%.In the descending order from high to low,the positive rates of ALT,HBsAg,NAT,TP,HCV,HIV,HTLV were 0.32%,0.25%,0.20%,0.19%,0.17%,0.07%,and 0.01%respecitively.Of these,HBsAg(χ^(2)=65.23),ALT(χ^(2)=47.32),and HCV(χ^(2)=12.73)were significantly different between different years(P<0.05),but TP(χ^(2)=4.19),HIV(χ^(2)=7.58),NAT(χ^(2)=7.62),and HTLV(χ^(2)=6.75)were no significant differences(P>0.05).And the positivity rates of HBsAg and HCV was a trend of decreasing.By comparing nucleic acid and enzyme immunoassay positive tests,the two methods were found to complement each other.The age and gender distribution difference of the positive population could help to better ensure safe blood recruitment.Conclusion:It is necessary to strengthen blood testing efforts and continuously pay attention to the changing patterns of positive blood-borne diseases in order to improve blood quality and safety.

关 键 词：无偿献血 血液传播疾病 血液检测 输血安全 

分 类 号：R446.6[医药卫生—诊断学]