镁-二氧化碳冲压发动机粉末燃料供应特性研究  

Characteristics of powder fuel supply for Mg-CO_(2) ramjet

作　　者：王旭 卜彦鹏[3] 徐旭 于洋[1] 关铭 刘佳迅 杨庆春 WANG Xu;BU Yanpeng;XU Xu;YU Yang;GUAN Ming;LIU Jiaxun;YANG Qingchun(School of Astronautics,Beihang University,Beijing 100083,China;Shen Yuan Honors College,Beihang University,Beijing 100083,China;Aircraft Technology Branch of Hunan Aerospace Co.,Ltd,Changsha 410205,China;Research and Production Department of China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学宇航学院,北京100083 [2]北京航空航天大学沈元学院,北京100083 [3]湖南航天有限责任公司飞行器技术分公司,湖南长沙410205 [4]中国航天科工集团有限公司科研生产部,北京100038

出　　处：《推进技术》2024年第1期134-143,共10页Journal of Propulsion Technology

基　　金：载人航天领域预先研究项目(050303)。

摘　　要：为了研究镁-二氧化碳冲压发动机粉末燃料供应特性,搭建了粉末流量实时监测系统、高背压模拟系统和粉末喷注可视化实验系统,对所供应粉末流量的准确性和稳定性、不同载气流量下供粉状态和粉末喷注特性等供应性能进行了详细分析。结果表明:采用气固两相流壅塞式供应方式,可以确保供应系统在模拟发动机工作过程中的高背压环境下稳定且精确地供应粉末,实测粉末流量与理论最大偏差4.8%;为保证发动机工作稳定性,燃烧试验应在载气压力稳定阶段开展,此过程中供粉流量仅与活塞速度和粉末装填密度有关;在研究的载气流量范围内,载气流量对供粉流量影响不明显,但对粉末喷注特性有显著影响。粉末喷注速度随载气流量增大而线性增加,同时喷注锥角随载气流量增大则先减小后增大。综合粉末掺混、分散和发动机组织燃烧性能等多方面考虑,为提高模型冲压发动机理论燃烧性能,在后期点火试验中载气流量与粉末流量比可以初步设计在0.68附近。In order to study the powder fuel supply system characteristics of Mg-CO_(2) ramjet,a real-time monitoring system for the flow rate of powder,a high back-pressure simulation system and a powder injection vi⁃sualization experiment system were built.The accuracy and stability of powder supply,powder supply state and powder injection characteristics under different carrier gas flow rates were analysed.Results show that the gassolid two-phase flow cocked supply method ensured a stable and accurate supply of powder in the high backpressure during simulated engine operation.The maximum measuring error of powder mass flow rate compared to the theoretical prediction is 4.8%.For the stability of the engine,the combustion experiments should be carried out in the stable stage of the carrier gas pressure.During this process,the mass flow rate of powder supply is only related to the piston speed and powder packing density.Within the studied carrier gas mass flow rate range,the carrier gas mass flow rate has no significant effect on the powder supply mass flow rate,but has a significant ef⁃fect on the powder injection characteristics.Powder injection velocity increases linearly with the carrier gas mass flow rate,while the injection cone angle tends to decrease first and then increase with the carrier gas mass flow rate.Factors such as powder mixing,dispersion and engine combustion organization were considered.In order to improve the theoretical combustion performance of the model ramjet,the ratio of carrier gas flow rate to powder flow rate should be chosen to be around 0.68 in the later combustion experiments.

关 键 词：粉末冲压发动机 粉末供应 粉末流化 供应特性 镁粉 

分 类 号：O359[理学—流体力学]