三明治结构柔性储能电介质材料研究进展  

Research progress of flexible energy storage dielectric materials with sandwiched structure

作　　者：李雨凡 薛文清 李玉超[1] 战艳虎[1] 谢倩[1] 李艳凯 查俊伟[2] Li Yu-Fan;Xue Wen-Qing;Li Yu-Chao;Zhan Yan-Hu;Xie Qian;Li Yan-Kai;Zha Jun-Wei(Department of Materials Science and Engineering,Liaocheng University,Liaocheng 252059,China;School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]聊城大学材料科学与工程学院,聊城252059 [2]北京科技大学化学与生物工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《物理学报》2024年第2期2-13,共12页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:52177020,52277022);大学生创新创业训练计划(批准号:CXCY2022184)资助的课题。

摘　　要：聚合物电介质材料因其高功率密度、耐击穿、安全柔韧、易加工和自愈性等特点,被广泛应用于智能电网、新能源汽车、航空航天、国防科技等领域.其中,基于三明治结构设计获得具有更高储能密度和储能效率的柔性电介质材料成为近年来聚合物储能电介质领域的研究热点和常用策略.本文从电介质的材料构成、结构设计以及制备方法等角度综述了基于三明治结构聚合物电介质薄膜在储能密度提升方面的研究进展,阐述了三明治结构电介质材料性能调控的微观机制和协同增强机理,并展望了其发展趋势和应用前景.Polymer dielectric materials show wide applications in smart power grids,new energy vehicles,aerospace,and national defense technologies due to the ultra-high power density,large breakdown strength,flexibility,easy processing,and self-healing characteristics.With the rapid development of integration,miniaturization and lightweight production of electronic devices,it is required to develop such a storage and transportation dielectric system with larger energy storage density,higher charge and discharge efficiency,good thermostability and being environmentally friendly.However,the contradiction between dielectric constant and breakdown strength of dielectric materials is the key factor and bottleneck to obtain a high performance dielectric material.It is accepted that controlling charge distribution and inhibiting charge carrier injection are important to improve the energy storage characteristics of polymer dielectrics.In recent years,the materials with sandwiched or stacking structures have demonstrated outstanding advantages in inhibiting charge injection and promoting polarization,allowing polymer dielectrics to have increased permittivity and breakdown strength at the same time.Therefore,from the perspectives of material composition,structural design,and preparation methods,this study reviews the research progress of polymer dielectric films with sandwiched structure in improving the energy storage performance.The influence of dielectric polarization,charge distribution,charge injection,interfacial barrier and electrical dendrite growth on the energy storage performance and the synergistic enhancement mechanisms in such sandwich-structured dielectric materials are systematically summarized,showing good development and vast application prospects.In brief,introducing easy polarization,wide-gap and deep-trap nanofillers has greater designability and regulation in the dielectric and breakdown properties.In addition,using the hard layer as the outer layer can reduce charge injection more effectively,resulting in a

关 键 词：柔性 三明治 储能 电介质 研究进展 

分 类 号：TQ317[化学工程—高聚物工业] TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]