美国田纳西州高校治理:从“预算奖励”到“绩效拨款”  

From“Budget Award”to“Performance-based Funding”:University Governance in Tennessee

作　　者：宁小花 童伟[2] NING Xiao-hua;TONG Wei(Development Planning Office,Central University of Finance and Economics,Beijing,100081;Institute of Finance and Economics,Central University of Finance and Economics,Beijing,100081)

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学发展规划处[学科建设办公室],北京100081 [2]中央财经大学财经研究院,北京100081

出　　处：《清华大学教育研究》2023年第6期44-53,共10页Tsinghua Journal of Education

基　　金：北京市社科基金重点决策项目“基于北京财政可持续发展的重大政策绩效评估机制研究”(21JCB067)。

摘　　要：田纳西州作为美国最早探索公立高校绩效拨款的州,经过四个阶段40余年的发展,完成了高校绩效治理模式由1.0向2.0的转变。与前期相比,绩效治理2.0改变了绩效结果仅用于预算奖励的模式,转而将绩效结果作为高校基本拨款的完全依据。这一改革在激发高校长期发展潜能的同时,也使绩效治理在促使高校更加关注高等教育质量提升、利益相关者感受、国家宏观战略落实等方面发挥了更加显著的作用。本文基于政府、教育以及社会三重制度逻辑,通过对田纳西州绩效拨款与高校治理间逻辑冲突、内在机理、协同关系的剖析,提出构建多元化制度逻辑场域,强化各逻辑主体的共同价值取向,是降低改革阻力、化解各方矛盾、推动高等教育高质量发展的有效路径,同时,也对我国高等教育绩效治理改革的推进具有一定的借鉴意义。Tennessee,a pioneer in implementing performance funding for public universities in the United States,has undergone more than forty years of development through four stages,transitioning its higher education performance governance model from version 1.0 to 2.0.In contrast to its initial phase,Performance Governance 2.0 shifts from using performance outcomes solely for budgetary awards to relying entirely on these outcomes for fundamental university funding.This reform not only fosters the long-term developmental potential of higher education institutions but also significantly enhances their focus on improving educational quality,stakeholder engagement,and the realization of national strategic objectives.Drawing on the tripartite institutional logic of government,education,and society,this paper examines the conflicts,mechanisms,and synergies between performance funding and university governance in Tennessee.It suggests that creating a diversified institutional logic field and reinforcing a common value orientation among all stakeholders are effective strategies to minimize reform resistance,resolve conflicts,and promote the high-quality development of higher education.Moreover,these findings offer valuable insights for advancing performance governance reforms in China's higher education system.

关 键 词：高校治理 预算奖励 绩效拨款 多重制度逻辑 田纳西州 

分 类 号：G649.712[文化科学—高等教育学]