从《史记·樊郦滕灌列传》管窥司马迁的直书与曲笔  

A Textual Analysis of Biographies of FAN,LI,TENG and GUAN in The Historical Records

作　　者：罗必明 曲景毅[1] LUO Biming;QU Jingyi(Nanyang Technological University of Singapore,School of Chinese Humanities,Singapore 637332)

机构地区：[1]新加坡南洋理工大学中文系,新加坡637332

出　　处：《信阳师范学院学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第1期1-4,10,共5页Journal of Xinyang Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目(16FZW011)。

摘　　要：司马迁在《史记》中对刘邦形象的刻画,秉承“不虚美,不隐恶”的实录精神。文章结合“元史学”关于历史意识与历史存在的转义理论,通过对《史记·樊郦滕灌列传》这篇关注不多的合传的文本分析,既揭露刘邦薄情寡义、诛杀患难之交的一面,又通过与《汉书》《资治通鉴》等相关篇目的互相比照,重新探究刘邦杀樊哙之动机。同时,司马迁对“郦寄卖友”一事以叙为议、寓论断于叙事的笔法,也同样暗含了对刘邦的贬讽。This paper aims to conduct a focused textual analysis of the relatively overlooked Biographies of Fan,Li,Teng and Guan to explore the historical consciousness and existential transference in Sima Qian's portrayal of Liu Bang.Drawing upon the theoretical framework of metahistory,which explores the transference of historical consciousness and existence,the paper seeks to elucidate Sima Qian's portrayal of Liu Bang.Sima Qian adheres to the spirit of factual recording,characterized by the principle of “not embellishing the good,not concealing the evil”.In depicting Liu Bang's character,Sima Qian unveils both his ungrateful and ruthless aspects,revealing his betrayal of loyal friends and the execution of those who shared adversities.By juxtaposing these revelations with corresponding passages from The History of Han Dynasty,Comprehensive Mirror for Aid in Government and other relevant texts,the paper reexamines Liu Bang's motivation for killing Fan Kuai.In the final analysis,the examination of the narrative of Li Ji's betrayal of friendship,conveyed through narrative exposition and enriched by a storytelling technique,also reveals subtle undertones of satire directed towards Liu Bang.

关 键 词：刘邦 《史记·樊郦滕灌列传》 “元史学”理论 郦寄卖友 

分 类 号：K204.2[历史地理—历史学]