哈尔滨市玉米种植高产施肥技术要点分析  

Analysis of Key Points of High-yield Fertilization Techniques for Maize Planting in Harbin

作　　者：段雨阳 武尔娜[1] 周恩昊 王昊辰 肖文静[1] 孟祥宇[1] 杨剑飞[1] DUAN Yuyang;WU Erna;ZHOU Enhao;WANG Haochen;XIAO Wenjing;MENG Xiangyu;YANG Jianfei(Institute of Maize Research,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150086)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院玉米研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《现代农业研究》2024年第1期101-104,共4页Modern Agriculture Research

基　　金：黑龙江省重点研发计划“利用全基因组选择育种技术创制玉米优质种质资源及技术应用”(项目编号:2022ZX02B02)。

摘　　要：在农业产业现代化、高速化发展的境况下,我国农作物种植管理水平逐步提升。作为玉米高产栽培重要技术之一的高产施肥技术,能否得到科学应用决定着玉米需肥期内肥料是否能够及时、适量供合,与玉米植株的种植产量息息相关。为此,文章结合哈尔滨市玉米种植情况,探讨了玉米作物施肥技术应用的常见误区,指出玉米施肥存在肥料施加量过大、重氮肥轻磷钾肥、过度依赖追肥、追肥时机把控不当四方面问题,并分析了不同肥料对于玉米作物生长产生的影响,最后从基肥、种肥、追肥、叶面肥几个方面探讨了玉米种植中高产施肥技术的应用要点,旨在为其他地区玉米高产优产栽培提供参考。In the context of the modernization and high-speed development of agricultural industry,China's crop planting management technology has gradually improved.As one of the important technologies for high-yield cultivation of maize,the application of high-yield fertilization technology determines whether fertilizer can be supplied in a timely and appropriate manner during the fertilizer demand period,which is closely related to the yield of maize plants.Therefore,combined with the maize planting situation in Harbin,this article explored the common misunderstandings of maize fertilization technology application,pointed out that there were four problems in maize fertilization,including excessive fertilizer application,emphasizing nitrogen fertilizer and ignoring phosphorus and potassium fertilizers,over-reliance on top dressing,and improper timing of top dressing,and analyzed the impact of different fertilizers on the growth of maize crops.Finally,it discussed the application points of high-yield fertilization technology in maize planting from the aspects of base fertilizer,seed fertilizer,top dressing,and leaf fertilizer.It aims to provide references for other regions in achieving high-yield and high-quality cultivation of maize.

关 键 词：玉米种植 高产施肥技术 技术要点 

分 类 号：S147.3[农业科学—肥料学]