基于UPLC-MS/MS探讨“建昌帮”阴附片、阳附片、淡附片炮制过程化学成分差异研究  

Differences in chemical components in processing of dried ginger-steamed,sand-fried,and rice swill water-bleached Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata pieces in"Jianchang"faction based on UPLC-MS/MS

作　　者：周颖 钟凌云[1] 罗红兵 钟思敏 刘斌[1] 邓琦 徐福余 ZHOU Ying;ZHONG Ling-yun;LUO Hong-bing;ZHONG Si-min;LIU Bin;DENG Qi;XU Fu-yu(Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanchang 330004,China;Jiangxi Institute of Quality and Standardization,Nanchang 330200,China)

机构地区：[1]江西中医药大学,江西南昌330004 [2]江西省质量和标准化研究院,江西南昌330200

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2023年第23期6387-6395,共9页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：江西省中医药管理局重点研究室项目(赣中医药科教字[2022]8号);抚州市科技局揭榜挂帅项目(XMBH00031);江西省自然科学基金项目(20224ACB206048);江西中医药大学科技创新团队项目(CXTD22003)。

摘　　要：该文比较建昌帮阴附片、阳附片、淡附片3种附子炮制品在炮制过程中化学成分的变化,从成分角度为炮制减毒增效作用机制提供科学依据。分别对3种附片的炮制过程进行过程性取样,得到生附片、阴附片清水漂制(阴漂制)、阴附片姜汁润(阴姜润)、阴附片蒸制(阴蒸制、阴附片)、阳附片清水漂制(阳漂制)、阳附片砂炒(阳砂炒、阳附片)、淡附片清水漂制(淡漂制)、淡附片米泔水漂制(淡米泔水漂)、淡附片烤制(淡烤制、淡附片)样品,经UPLC-MS/MS检测提取液中乌头碱、新乌头碱、次乌头碱、苯甲酰乌头原碱、苯甲酰新乌头原碱、苯甲酰次乌头碱、乌头原碱、新乌头原碱、次乌头原碱、去甲猪毛菜碱、附子灵、去甲乌药碱的含量,再针对11组样品进行含量分析及聚类热图分析。3种饮片炮制过程中,漂制可大幅度降低附子中12种生物碱的含量;蒸制、炒制和烤制可显著降低双酯型生物碱(乌头碱、新乌头碱、次乌头碱)含量,显著提高单酯型生物碱(苯甲酰乌头原碱、苯甲酰新乌头原碱、苯甲酰次乌头原碱)、胺醇型生物碱(乌头原碱、新乌头原碱、次乌头原碱)的含量。阴附片在炮制过程中,双酯型生物碱持续降低,单酯型生物碱、胺醇型生物碱呈现先降低后上升;阴附片、阳附片、淡附片在炮制过程中,双酯型生物碱持续降低,单酯型生物碱、胺醇型生物碱呈现先降低后升高趋势,蒸制的阴附片升高程度高于炒制的阳附片高于烤制的淡附片。综合分析3种附子炮制品中毒性成分及功效成分含量差异,得出建昌帮特色炮制方法确实可以实现对附子的减毒增效作用,为3种炮制方法作用机制提供参考。This study compared the changes in chemical components during the processing of different types of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata(ALRP)in"Jianchang"faction,i.e.,dried ginger-steamed ALRP pieces(Yin-FP),sand-fried ALRP pieces(Yang-FP),and rice swill water-bleached ALRP pieces(DFP),and provided a scientific basis for the mechanism in toxicity reduction and efficacy enhancement from a compositional perspective.Samples were collected during the processing of the three types of ALRP pieces,yielding raw ALRP pieces,water-bleached Yin-FP,ginger juice-moistened Yin-FP,steamed Yin-FP,water-bleached Yang-FP,sand-fried Yang-FP,water-bleached DFP,rice swill water-bleached DFP,and roasted DFP.Aconitine,mesaconitine,hypaconitine,benzoylaconine,benzoylmesaconine,benzoylhypaconine,aconine,mesaconine,hypaconine,salsolinol,fuziline,and higenamine in the extracts were determined by UPLC-MS/MS,and then content analysis and cluster heatmap analysis were performed on 11 sets of samples.During the processing of the three types of ALRP pieces,bleaching significantly reduced the content of 12 alkaloids;steaming,stir-frying,and roasting significantly reduced the content of diester-type alkaloids(aconitine,mesaconitine,and hypaconitine)and significantly increased the content of monoester-type alkaloids(benzoylaconine,benzoylmesaconine,and benzoylhypaconine)and aminoalcohol-type alkaloids(aconine,mesaconine,and hypaconine).During the processing of Yin-FP,the diester-type alkaloids continuously decreased,while the monoester-type and aminoalcohol-type alkaloids showed an initial decrease followed by an increase.During the processing of Yin-FP,Yang-FP,and DFP,the diester-type alkaloids continuously decreased,while the monoester-type and aminoalcohol-type alkaloids showed an initial decrease followed by an increase.Steamed Yin-FP showed a higher increase in content than fried Yang-FP and roasted DFP.Comprehensive analysis of content differences in toxic and therapeutic components in three ALRP pieces suggests that the distinctive processing

关 键 词：UPLC-MS/MS 阴附片 阳附片 淡附片 过程性取样 聚类热图 减毒增效 

分 类 号：R283[医药卫生—中药学]