短路冲击下的船用柴油机瞬态扭振特性分析  

Transient torsional vibration analysis of marine diesel engine under short-circuit impact

作　　者：徐聪聪 梁刚 陶杰 焦亚飞 陈晋元 王鹏程 邓梦灿 XU Congcong;LIANG Gang;TAO Jie;JIAO Yafei;CHEN Jinyuan;WANG Pengcheng;DENG Mengcan(Shanghai Marine Diesel Engine Research Institute,Shanghai 201108,China;College of Power and Energy Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]上海船用柴油机研究所,上海201108 [2]哈尔滨工程大学动力与能源工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《中国舰船研究》2024年第S01期93-100,共8页Chinese Journal of Ship Research

摘　　要：[目的]为提出船用柴油发电机组的轴系扭振参数优化方案,需分析其在短路冲击下的瞬态扭转振动特性。[方法]采用Newmark法,以某型20 V柴油发电机组的短路冲击工况为例,对比不同轴系参数对轴系瞬态扭振特性的影响规律,进而基于参数优化结果来确定新的机组减振器刚度与联轴器刚度选配方案。[结果]研究结果表明:发生短路冲击时,轴系扭振特性将显著恶化;经优化之后(将扭振减振器刚度、联轴器刚度分别优选为原始值的0.9和0.70倍),短路冲击工况下的电机轴瞬时最大附加应力、联轴器瞬时最大扭矩、曲轴各轴段瞬时最大应力分别降低了13.43%,10.51%,5.29%。[结论]该参数优化方案可以有效降低轴系的瞬态扭振水平,研究成果可为柴油发电机组的减振降噪设计提供参考。[Objectives]In order to formulate an optimization scheme for the torsional vibration parameters of a marine diesel generator shaft system,it is necessary to analyze the transient torsional vibration characteristics of the diesel generator under short-circuit impact.[Methods]The shafting transient torsional vibration characteristics of a 20-cylinder V-type diesel generator set under short-circuit impact are analyzed by the Newmark method,and the effects of different shafting parameters on its shafting transient torsional vibration characteristics under short-circuit conditions are discussed.A new selection scheme of shock absorber stiffness and coupling stiffness is then determined.[Results]The calculation results show that the shafting torsional vibration characteristics deteriorate significantly when short-circuit impact occurs.After optimization(the stiffness of the torsional shock absorber and coupling are optimized to 90%and 70%of the original value respectively),the maximum transient torque of the motor shaft,maximum transient torque of the coupling and maximum transient stress of each segement of the crankshaft under short-circuit impact conditions are reduced by 13.43%,10.51%and 5.29%respectively.[Conclusions]The proposed optimized design scheme can effectively reduce the transient torsional vibration level of shaft systems.The results of this study can provide useful references for the vibration and noise reduction design of diesel generator sets.

关 键 词：船用柴油机 轴系扭振 短路冲击 参数优化 

分 类 号：U664.21[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程] U664.121[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]