碳钢和不锈钢在海洋SRB、IRB和IOB下的点蚀研究现状  

Research Status of Pitting Corrosion of Carbon Steel and Stainless Steel under Marine SRB,IRB and IOB

作　　者：陈杨嵋 贺小燕 黄谦 熊汉桢 白秀琴[2,3] CHEN Yangmei;HE Xiaoyan;HUANG Qian;XIONG Hanzhen;BAI Xiuqin(School of Naval Architecture,Ocean and Energy Power Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430063,China;Reliability Engineering Institute,National Engineering Research Centre for Water Transport Safety,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430063,China;State Key Laboratory of Maritime Technology and Safety,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430063,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学船海与能源动力工程学院,武汉430063 [2]武汉理工大学国家水运安全工程技术研究中心可靠性工程研究所,武汉430063 [3]武汉理工大学水路交通控制全国重点实验室,武汉430063

出　　处：《表面技术》2024年第2期15-27,70,共14页Surface Technology

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金创新发展联合基金重点项目(2022CFD029);国家自然科学基金项目(52071246)。

摘　　要：微生物腐蚀(Microbiological Induced Corrosion,MIC)带来的危害占海洋腐蚀危害的20%。微生物腐蚀是指由于微生物的生命活动及其代谢产物与金属材料相互作用,影响腐蚀反应的阴极和阳极过程所引发的腐蚀现象,已成为海运业面临的重大技术难题,研究海洋微生物腐蚀对推进我国海洋事业的发展有重要意义。金属材料微生物腐蚀包括全面腐蚀和局部腐蚀,局部腐蚀的危害更大,而点蚀被认为是危害最大的局部腐蚀形式。海洋微生物种类繁多,本文聚焦于硫元素的参与者硫酸盐还原菌(Sulfate-reducing Bacteria,SRB)、铁元素的参与者铁还原细菌(Iron-reducing Bacteria,IRB)和铁氧化细菌(Iron-oxidizing Bacteria,IOB)所引发的微生物点蚀问题,包括由细菌不均匀的生物膜与腐蚀产物膜以及细菌本身的特性引起的点蚀。以广泛应用于海洋平台和船舶的碳钢和不锈钢为对象,分析其在海洋SRB、IRB和IOB下的点蚀状况,从腐蚀形貌和腐蚀产物两方面对比了碳钢、不锈钢在不同细菌体系中的腐蚀差异,腐蚀形貌分析包括腐蚀产物形貌和去除腐蚀产物后金属表面形貌的分析,腐蚀产物分析主要聚焦于金属材料表面不同成分与含量的变化。从代谢产物理论、氧浓差电池作用理论阐释了碳钢和不锈钢的点蚀机理,指出微生物点蚀研究需要综合考虑多种因素,包括多菌种的相互作用和多种环境因素对金属材料的点蚀影响,以及微生物对耐蚀金属材料的点蚀影响等。Microbiological Induced Corrosion(MIC) occurs due to the interaction of the activities and metabolites of the microorganisms with metal materials,which affects the cathodic and anodic processes of corrosion reactions.This phenomenon accounts for approximately 20% of marine corrosion hazards,rendering it a major technical problem for the marine industry.The study of microbial corrosion in marine environments is of great significance to promote the development of the Chinese marine industry.Microbial corrosion of metal materials includes both comprehensive corrosion and local corrosion,with local corrosion being more harmful.Among various forms of local corrosion,pitting corrosion is considered the most harmful.The marine environment has a wide range of marine microorganisms with diverse functions and characteristics.This article focused on the phenomenon of microbial pitting corrosion,which was caused by the inhomogeneous biofilm,corrosion product membrane of bacteria,and the characteristics of bacteria themselves.In particular,this study explored the role of Sulfate-reducing Bacteria(SRB),Iron-reducing Bacteria(IRB) and Iron-oxidizing Bacteria(IOB) in the aforementioned corrosion process.This paper analyzed pitting corrosion of carbon steel and stainless steel caused by SRB,IRB and IOB,which were widely used in offshore platforms and ships.The corrosion differences of carbon steel and stainless steel in different bacterial systems were compared according to the corrosion morphology and corrosion products.The analysis of corrosion morphology included the analysis of corrosion product morphology and metal surface morphology after removal of corrosion products while the analysis of corrosion products mainly included the changes of different composition and content on the surface of metal materials.The corrosion of carbon steel caused by SRB resulted in the formation of loose porous composite film composed of SRB biofilm and iron sulfide(Fe_xS).The corrosion of stainless steel by SRB resulted in the formation of a do

关 键 词：微生物点蚀 碳钢 不锈钢 腐蚀形貌 点蚀机理 

分 类 号：TG172[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]