路网耦合下计及电动汽车V2G潜力的充电站选址定容研究  

Siting and sizing of electric vehicle charging stations under the coupling of transport and power networks considering V2G potential

作　　者：孙雨乐 漆淘懿 赵宇明 叶承晋[1] 惠红勋 SUN Yule;QI Taoyi;ZHAO Yuming;YE Chengjin;HUI Hongxun(College of Electrical Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China;Polytechnic Institute,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China;State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City,University of Macao,Macao 999078,China;Shenzhen Power Supply Bureau Company Limited,Shenzhen 518020,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学电气工程学院,杭州310027 [2]浙江大学工程师学院,杭州310027 [3]澳门大学智慧城市物联网国家重点实验室,中国澳门999078 [4]深圳供电局有限公司,广东深圳518020

出　　处：《综合智慧能源》2024年第1期1-10,共10页Integrated Intelligent Energy

基　　金：南方电网公司重点科技项目(090000KK52220020)

摘　　要：电动汽车具备交通运输和移动负荷的双重特性,其大规模的集中充电过程会对交通网和电网同时造成冲击。利用电动汽车的移动属性和车辆到电网(V2G)技术,能够在时空层面优化其充电需求,不仅可以抑制上述冲击,还可以为电网提供额外的储能容量,协助电网削峰填谷和促进新能源消纳。以电网投资建设的充电站为例,提出一种同时考虑交通网和电网因素的充电站选址定容策略,在满足电动汽车充电需求的前提下,优化电动汽车的充电需求以最大化可用储能容量。首先,建立动态交通网模型,结合Floyd算法与区域特性精确模拟电动汽车的行驶路径,预测电动汽车充电负荷的时空特性。其次,基于电动汽车的充电负荷预测结果,以最大化储能容量、充电负荷平均分布、车辆驻车时间最长3个指标初步确定电站选址,然后再根据全时段的统计结果确定充电站的最优选址与容量。最后,以某市主城区的部分实际道路为例,预测充电负荷的时空分布,以最大储能容量为目标完成充电站的选址定容,并分析了优化结果对交通网和电网的影响,结果证明了所提方法的有效性。Electric vehicles are both transportation means and mobile loads.Their large-scale and intensive charging will impact the transportation network and the power grid at the same time.In view of EVs'mobile attribute,their charging demands can be optimized in time and space dimensions through the vehicle-to-grid(V2G)technology.The technology can not only alleviate the aforementioned impact,but also provide energy storage capacity to the power grid,so as to promote the accommodation of renewable energy resources and peak load regulation of the power grid.Taking a charging station invested by State Grid Corporation as the example,a siting and sizing strategy for the charging station that considers transportation and power networks is proposed.On the premise of satisfying the charging demands of electric vehicles,the strategy optimizes the charging demand to maximize the energy storage capacity of the station.Firstly,based on the dynamic traffic network model,the driving paths of electric vehicles are accurately simulated by Floyd algorithm and regional characteristics,to predict the spatial and temporal characteristics of electric vehicle charging loads.Secondly,based on the prediction results,the preliminary station location is determined by three goals,maximizing the energy storage capacity,smoothing the charging load,and the extending the parking time in the station.Then,the optimal location and capacity of the charging station are adjusted according to the statistical results from the whole period.Taking the roads in a main urban area as an example,the spatial and temporal characteristics of the charging load are predicted,and the optimal location and capacity of the charging station aiming at maximizing its energy storage capacity is designed.The influence of this design on the transportation network and power grid is analyzed,which proves the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.

关 键 词：电动汽车 V2G技术 道路交通网 时空分布模型 选址定容 

分 类 号：TK01[动力工程及工程热物理]