四种十字花科蔬菜对草地贪夜蛾生长发育和繁殖的影响  

Development and reproduction of Spodoptera frugiperda on four cruciferous vegetables

作　　者：雷春媚 肖勇 吴雨洪 彭争科 尹飞[2] 周小毛[2] 李振宇[2] 张俊杰[1] LEI Chun-Mei;XIAO Yong;WU Yu-Hong;PENG Zheng-Ke;YIN Fei;ZHOU Xiao-Mao;LI Zhen-Yu;ZHANG Jun-Jie(Institute of Biological Control,Jilin Agricultural University,Engineering Research Center of Biological Control in Jilin province,Changchun 130118,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学生物防治研究所,吉林省生物防治工程技术研究中心,长春130118 [2]广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所,农业农村部华南果蔬绿色防控重点实验室,广东省植物保护新技术重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《应用昆虫学报》2023年第4期1108-1115,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1400703)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究萝卜、西兰花、菜心和芥菜4种十字花科蔬菜对草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda生长发育和繁殖的影响,评估草地贪夜蛾转移危害十字花科蔬菜的风险。【方法】以玉米为对照,分别用萝卜、西兰花、菜心和芥菜饲喂草地贪夜蛾幼虫,比较不同植物对草地贪夜蛾幼虫发育历期、蛹重以及成虫繁殖力等参数的影响。【结果】草地贪夜蛾在萝卜、西兰花、菜心和芥菜4种十字花科蔬菜上均能完成生活史,取食玉米的幼虫发育历期[(16.24±0.30 d)]最短,其次为菜心[(17.11±0.19)d],西兰花[(20.53±0.48)d]、芥菜[(21.32±0.36)d],取食萝卜的总发育历期最长[(25.32±0.43)d],蛹期时间分别为玉米[(10.68±0.12)d]>萝卜[(10.50±0.23)d]>西兰花[(10.29±0.32)d]>菜心[(10.00±0.19)d]>芥菜[(9.91±0.23)d];取食玉米的蛹重小于取食十字花科蔬菜的蛹重:菜心[(0.139±0.007)g]>西兰花[(0.133±0.009)g]>萝卜[(0.119±0.008)g]>芥菜[(0.117±0.007)g]>玉米[(0.112±0.006)g];取食十字花科蔬菜的幼虫存活率低于取食玉米的幼虫存活率:萝卜(36.67%)<芥菜(47.18%)<西兰花(51.67%)<菜心(68.06%)<玉米(73.33%);取食玉米的产卵前期最短为[(1.20±0.20)d],产卵量最多(1042.25±109.19)粒,取食西兰花的产卵前期最长为[(2.60±0.40)d],其次为萝卜[(2.40±0.24)d]、菜心[(1.60±0.24)d]、芥菜[(1.40±0.24)d],取食萝卜的产卵量最少(411.25±99.11)粒,依次为西兰花(903.67±185.67)粒、芥菜(915.00±74.23)粒、菜心(973.60±70.11)粒。【结论】取食4种十字花科蔬菜的草地贪夜蛾幼虫发育历期、存活率和成虫产卵前期等指标均低于取食玉米的,但仍能完成生活史,存在转主危害十字花科蔬菜的可能性,本研究为广东等周年繁殖区的草地贪夜蛾转寄主危害的评估提供科学依据。[Objectives]To compare the development and reproduction of Spodoptera frugiperda raised on radish,broccoli,cabbage and mustard crops,in order to assess the risk this species poses to cruciferous vegetable crops.[Methods]Larvae of S.frugiperda were raised on either radish,broccoli,mustard,cabbage,or corn(control),and their developmental parameters,pupal weight and adult fecundity compared.[Results]Larvae raised on maize had the shortest development period[(16.24±0.30)d],followed by those raised on cabbage[(17.11±0.19)d],broccoli[(20.53±0.48)d],mustard[(21.32±0.36)d],and radish[(25.32±0.43)d].The duration of the pupal stage was longest in larvae raised on maize[(10.68±0.12)d],followed by those raised on radish[(10.50±0.23)d],then broccoli[(10.29±0.32)d],then cabbage[(10.00±0.19)d],then mustard[(9.91±0.23)d].Larvae raised on maize had lighter pupae than those raised on cruciferous vegetables:cabbage[(0.139±0.007)g]>broccoli[(0.133±0.009)g]>radish[(0.119±0.008)g]>mustard[(0.117±0.007)g]>corn[(0.112±0.006)g].Larvae raised on cruciferous vegetables had lower survival rates than those that raised on corn:radish(36.67%)<mustard(47.18%)<broccoli(51.67%)<cabbage(68.06%)<maize(73.33%).The minimum pre-oviposition period for corn was[(1.20±0.20)d],and the maximum amount of eggs laid was(1042.25±109.19).The maximum pre-oviposition periods of larvae raised on broccoli,radish,cabbage and mustard plants were[(2.60±0.40)d],[(2.40±0.24)d],[(1.60±0.24)d]and[(1.40±0.24)d],respectively.The minimum numbers of eggs laid by adults raised on radish,broccoli,mustard,and cabbage plants were(411.25±99.11),(903.67±185.67),(915.00±74.23)and(973.60±70.11),respectively.[Conclusion]S.frugiperda can complete its life history on radish,mustard,broccoli and cabbage plants,and may therefore pose a risk to both these and other cruciferous,vegetable crops.

关 键 词：草地贪夜蛾 十字花科蔬菜 生长发育 繁殖 

分 类 号：S436.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]