基于自主船舶规范的控制权切换机制  

Control switching mechanism based on autonomous ship guidelines

作　　者：章文俊[1,2] 牟聪瑞 杨雪 周翔宇 孟祥坤[1,2] 李连博 白伟伟 ZHANG Wenjun;MU Congrui;YANG Xue;ZHOU Xiangyu;MENG Xiangkun;LI Lianbo;BAI Weiwei(Navigation College,Dalian Maritime University,Dalian 116026,China;Dalian Key Laboratory of Safety&Security Technology for Autonomous Shipping,Dalian 116026,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学航海学院,辽宁大连116026 [2]大连市自主航运安全技术重点实验室,辽宁大连116026

出　　处：《大连海事大学学报》2023年第4期1-12,共12页Journal of Dalian Maritime University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(52201408);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52271360);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(3132023144);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2801005);中央引导地方科技发展专项资金项目(2023JH6/100100055);四川省自然科学基金资助项目(2022NSFSC0891)。

摘　　要：分析各国船级社制定的自主船舶规范,从切换场景、控制权获取优先级、控制权接管方、切换流程四个维度对L2级自主船舶控制权切换机制展开研究。结果表明:切换场景可根据特点分为三种类型,不同类型的场景与控制权接管方存在一定的对应关系;控制权获取优先级的顺序为“在船船员最高,岸基操作员次之,自主系统最低”;不同控制权接管方之间的切换流程存在一定差异,但需要遵循共同的基本原则。研究结论可为相关方建立自主船舶控制权切换机制提供参考。In this paper the autonomous ship guidelines formulated by classification societies in various countries were analyzed,and the control switching mechanism of L2 class autonomous ships was conducted from four dimensions:switching scenarios,priority of control acquisition,control takeover agents and switching process.Results indicate that switching scenarios can be classified into three types based on their characteristics,and there is a certain correspondence between different types of scenarios and the control take over agents.The priority order for obtaining control is“highest on board crew,followed by shore based operators,and lowest in auton-omous systems”.There are certain differences in the switching process between different control takeover agents,but common basic principles need to be followed.The research result can serve as a reference for relevant parties in establishing control authority switching mechanisms of autonomous ships.

关 键 词：自主船舶 人机共驾 自主船舶规范 控制权切换 

分 类 号：U691.3[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]