1974-2019年宁海县尘肺病流行特征分析  

Epidemic characteristics of pneumoconiosis in Ninghai County from 1974 to 2019

作　　者：胡艳敏[1] 陈双平 张峰[1] 胡丹标[1] 王斌[1] HU Yanmin;CHEN Shuangping;ZHANG Feng;HU Danbiao;WANG Bin(Health Monitoring Department,The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Ninghai,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315600,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省宁海县疾病预防控制中心卫生监测科,浙江宁波315600

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2023年第6期505-508,共4页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

摘　　要：目的了解宁波市宁海县尘肺病的流行病学特点,为宁海尘肺防治提供依据。方法通过职业病诊断医疗机构、当地档案馆等留存的历年尘肺病诊断原始资料和尘肺病专题流行病学调查资料获得1974-2005年尘肺病例信息,通过“职业病及健康危害因素监测信息系统”获取2006-2019年尘肺病例信息,应用Excel与SPSS对数据进行处理。结果宁海县1974至2019年累计确诊420例尘肺,其中男性419例,女性1例;现患294例(70.00%),死亡115例(27.38%),存亡情况未知11例(2.62%)。尘肺叁期病死率为50.75%,高于尘肺壹期和尘肺贰期,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2003年和2004年共诊断尘肺210例,占尘肺总病例的50.00%。本地户籍病例数为383例(91.19%),主要分布于桑洲镇,外地户籍病例主要分布于桃源街道和梅林街道。尘肺初次诊断年龄为(59.2±14.5)岁,接尘工龄为8.0(4.7,16.0)年。病种以矽肺为主;行业分布前三位依次为建筑业、黑色金属冶炼和压延加工业和非金属矿采选业。结论宁海县尘肺本地病例较多,以矽肺为主,具有地区、行业聚集性。Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of pneumoconiosis in Ninghai County,and to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis in Ninghai County.Methods The data of pneumoconiosis cases from 1974 to 2005 was obtained from the original data of pneumoconiosis diagnosis and the special epidemiological survey data of pneumoconiosis kept by the occupational disease diagnosis institutions and local archives.The pneumoconiosis case information from 2006 to 2019 was obtained from the occupational disease reporting system.The data were processed by Excel and SPSS.Results A total of 420 cases of pneumoconiosis were diagnosed in Ninghai County from 1974 to 2019,including 419 males and 1 female.By the end of 2019,294 patients(70.00%)were alive,115(27.38%)were deceased,and 11(2.62%)cases with unknown survival.The case fatality rate of stage III pneumoconiosis was 50.75%,which was higher than that of stages I and II,and the difference was statistically significant.(P<0.05).During 2003-2004,210 cases of pneumoconiosis were diagnosed,accounting for 52.50%of the total pneumoconiosis cases from 1974 to 2019.The number of local cases in Ninghai was 383(91.19%),the local cases were mainly distributed in Sangzhou Town,and the migrant cases were mainly distributed in Taoyuan and Meilin street.The age at first diagnosis of pneumoconiosis was 59.2±14.5 years,while the the dust working age was 8.0(4.7,16.0).Silicosis was the main type of pneumoconiosis,and the top three industries were construction industry,ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry and non-metal mining and dressing industry.Conclusion There are many local cases of pneumoconiosis in Ninghai County,mainly silicosis,with regional and industrial clustering.

关 键 词：尘肺病 流行病学特点 尘肺期别 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]