从动结式的产生过程看句法生成机制的演化  

A study on the evolution of syntactic generation mechanisms based on the emergence of Chinese resultative verb compounds

作　　者：杨大然 程工[2] YANG Daran;CHENG Gong

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学外国语学院 [2]浙江大学外国语学院

出　　处：《世界汉语教学》2024年第1期47-61,共15页Chinese Teaching in the World

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“生物语言学视域下汉语宏事件编码的形态句法研究”(20BYY163)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：目前学界的主流观点认为动结式从上古汉语的并列连动式发展而来,但先前研究提出的双音化趋势和核心偏移说均未能较好解释这一变化的动因及内在机制。通过核心偏移形成的两类动结式与强弱结果结构的比较,本文提出,核心左偏动结式形成弱结果结构,其中涉及底层核心动词到轻动词的“并入”,而核心右偏动结式形成强结果结构,其生成中不仅涉及“并入”,还涉及表达方式的动词词根(√V_(1))与v通过“融合”操作形成复杂谓词。本研究表明,“融合”相较于“并入”是晚出的句法生成手段,其运用不仅实现了从双核心连动式向单核心动结式的演变,也很可能促成了汉语其他句式结构的形成,并从更广泛意义上推动了汉语从动词框架语向卫星框架语的类型转化。The current mainstream view in academia believes that the resultative verb construction in Mandarin has evolved from the coordinate serial verb construction in Archaic Chinese.However,the trend of disyllablization and the head-shift analysis proposed by previous studies fail to account for the motivation and internal mechanism of this change.By comparing the two types of resultative verb compounds(RVCs) formed by head shift and the strong and weak resultatives,this paper argues that the RVC with head shifting to V_(1) is a kind of weak resultatives,which involves the incorporation of the complex verb root into a light verb.The RVC with head shifting to V_(2) is a kind of strong resultatives,involving not only incorporation,but also conflation of the manner root √V_(1) with the light verb v.The findings of this study indicate that conflation is a later emerged syntactic operation compared to incorporation,which leads to the change from the coordinate verb construction to the resultative verb construction,and in a broader sense,promotes the transformation of Chinese from a verb-framed language to a satellite-framed language.

关 键 词：动结式 连动式 核心偏移 并入 融合 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]