我国农村地区老年人自评健康状况及影响因素分析  

Analysis of self-rated health status of the elderly and influencing factors of in rural areas of China

作　　者：鲜国炜 陈琳月 赵航 宫云娜 何文凤 马春晓[1] 张晓林[1] 张晶[1] 马勇[1] XIAN Guo-wei;CHEN Lin-yue;ZHAO Hang;GONG Yun-na;HE Wen-feng;MA Chun-xiao;ZHANG Xiao-lin;ZHANG Jing;MA Yong(School of Management,Weifang Medical College,Weifang,Shandong 261053,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]潍坊医学院管理学院,山东潍坊261053 [2]四川省广元市朝天区曾家镇第一小学 [3]重庆医科大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第1期71-75,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(20CFX017);教育部人文社会科学基金项目(21YJC820050);四川医事卫生法治研究中心-中国卫生法学会联合项目(YF23-Y07)。

摘　　要：目的探究我国农村地区老年人的自评健康状况及影响因素,为相关部门制定农村地区老年人的健康老龄化策略提供决策参考。方法使用2020年中国家庭追踪调查数据(CFPS),采用描述性分析、单因素分析、多因素logistic回归分析我国农村地区老年人自评健康状况及其影响因素。结果2717名我国农村地区老年人中自评健康占72.6%。年龄在60~74岁(OR=0.694,95%CI:0.501~0.961)、较低收入水平(OR=0.503,95%CI:0.372~0.681)、不吸烟或现在不吸烟(OR=0.682,95%CI:0.538~0.865)、不喝酒或现在少喝酒(OR=0.672,95%CI:0.491~0.920)的我国农村地区老年人自评健康状况较差;正常BMI指数(OR=1.868,95%CI:1.298~2.687)、一年内未因病住院(OR=2.537,95%CI:2.015~3.194)、两周内无身体不适(OR=4.205,95%CI:3.422~5.167)、无慢性病(OR=2.530,95%CI:2.051~3.121)的我国农村地区老年人自评健康状况更好。结论我国农村地区老年人自评健康状况较好,但仍需加强对农村老年人的经济状况扶持,完善农村老年人医疗卫生服务体系建设,健全农村老年人的家庭支持和社会支持体系,积极开展农村老年人专项健康教育行动,促进农村老年人的健康管理和生命质量。Objective To explore the self-rated health status and influencing factors of the elderly in rural areas of China,and to provide decision-making reference for relevant departments to formulate healthy aging strategies for the elderly in rural areas.Methods Using the data of China family panel studies(CFPS)in 2020,descriptive analysis,univariate analysis,and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the self-rated health status and its influencing factors of the elderly in rural areas of China.Results In total 72.6%of the 2717 elderly in rural areas of China rated themselves as healthy.The age group of 60 to 74 years old(OR=0.694,95%CI:0.501-0.961),lower income(OR=0.503,95%CI:0.372-0.681),no smoking or no current smoking(OR=0.682,95%CI:0.538-0.865),and no alcohol or less alcohol now(OR=0.672,95%CI:0.491-0.920)were associated with poor self-rated health status.Normal BMI index(OR=1.868,95%CI:1.298-2.687),no hospitalization within one year(OR=2.537,95%CI:2.015-3.194),no physical discomfort within two weeks(OR=4.205,95%CI:3.422-5.167),and no chronic diseases(OR=2.530,95%CI:2.051-3.121)were associated with better health status.Conclusion The self-rated health status of the elderly in rural areas of China is good,but it is still necessary to strengthen the economic support,improve the construction of medical and health service system,improve the family support and social support system,and actively carry out specialized health education for the elderly in rural areas to promote their health management and quality of life.

关 键 词：农村地区 老年人 自评健康状况 影响因素 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]