海拔高度对大五星枇杷果实品质的影响  

Effect of Altitude on the Fruit Quality of Eriobotrya japonica'Dawuxing'

作　　者：彭春华 张坤 周甲云 彭雪梅 宋潘晖 栗欣宇 邓群仙 PENG Chun-hua;ZHANG Kun;ZHOU Jia-yun;PENG Xue-mei;SONG Pan-hui;LI Xin-yu;DENG Qun-xian(Chengdu Longquanyi District Fruit Technology Promotion Station,Chengdu 610100,PRC;College of Horticulture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,PRC)

机构地区：[1]成都市龙泉驿区果技推广站,四川成都610100 [2]四川农业大学园艺学院,四川成都611130

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2023年第12期27-32,共6页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省科技支撑计划“十四五”育种攻关项目(2021YFYZ0023-07);国家现代化农业产业技术体系四川水果创新团队项目(sccxtd-2023-04);四川省自然科学基金项目(2022NSFSC0092);四川省农业公共安全与资源保护项目(035/2212129087)。

摘　　要：为了探明不同海拔高度对枇杷果实品质的影响,以分布在四川省仁寿县、新都区、资中县等9个枇杷主产区的大五星枇杷为试材,比较分析了不同海拔高度枇杷果实的外观和内在品质差异。结果表明:在海拔高度为1320 m处种植的枇杷单果重达68.48 g且显著重于其他海拔高度的果实,海拔高度为1500 m处的果实更接近圆形,果皮色泽偏向于红色和黄色且色泽最鲜艳,商品性更好;海拔高度1500 m处果实的可溶性固形物、可溶性糖和抗坏血酸含量最高,分别达12.30%、12.21%和0.079 mg/g,而可滴定酸含量最低,仅0.10%;在不同海拔高度条件下,果实可溶性糖与可溶性固形物含量呈显著正相关,总酚与总类胡萝卜素含量呈极显著正相关、与总黄酮含量呈显著正相关;对13个不同海拔高度枇杷的11个品质指标进行主成分分析,结果表明枇杷果实品质综合得分排名前三的海拔高度依次为1500、1320和1300 m,以海拔1500 m处的枇杷果实品质最佳,更适宜大五星枇杷的种植。This study aims to reveal the effect of altitude on the comprehensive quality of Eriobotrya japonica fruits in Sichuan Province.The appearance and internal quality indicators of the fruits of E.japonica'Dawuxing'planted in nine main producing areas including Renshou County,Xindu District,and Zizhong County in Sichuan Province were measured and compared.The results showed that fruits of'Dawuxing'cultivated at an altitude of 1320 m had the highest fruit weight(68.48 g),which was higher than that at other altitudes.The fruits of the plants at an altitude of 1500 m appeared round with red or yellow skin,demonstrating good commodity appearance.Moreover,the fruits at this altitude had the highest content of soluble solids,soluble sugars,and ascorbic acid(12.30%,12.21%,and 0.079 mg/g,respectively)and the lowest titratable acid(0.10%).The soluble sugar content had a positive correlation with soluble solid content(P<0.05),and the total phenol content was positively correlated with total carotenoids(P<0.01)and total flavonoids(P<0.05).Furthermore,principal component analysis was carried out for 11 quality indicators of fruit samples collected at 13 altitudes.The results showed that the fruits at the altitudes of 1500,1320,and 1300 m ranked the top 3.Particularly,the fruits at the altitude of 1500 m had the best quality,which indicated that this altitude was suitable for the cultivation of E.japonica'Dawuxing'.

关 键 词：海拔高度 大五星枇杷 果实品质 影响 四川 

分 类 号：S667.3[农业科学—果树学]