后路寰枢椎侧块关节间松解与后路螺钉复位固定及植骨融合治疗寰枢椎脱位  

Atlantoaxial dislocation treated by posterior atlantoaxial lateral mass interarticular release,posterior screw reduction and fusion with bone graft

作　　者：申庆丰[1] 李凌博 夏英鹏[1] 马诗博 Shen Qingfeng;Li Lingbo;Xia Yingpeng;Ma Shibo(Department of Spine Surgery,Tianjin Union Medical Center,Tianjin 300121,China;Department of Orthopedics,Jingzhou Central Hospital,Jingzhou 434020,Hubei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市人民医院脊柱外科,天津市300121 [2]荆州市中心医院骨科,湖北省荆州市434020

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2024年第33期5364-5369,共6页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

摘　　要：背景:寰枢椎脱位常通过椎板间植骨促进融合,但针对后路寰枢椎侧块关节间松解与融合治疗复杂寰枢椎脱位的研究报道相对匮乏。目的:探讨单纯后路寰枢椎侧块关节间松解与融合治疗寰枢椎脱位的安全性和有效性。方法:回顾性分析2017年1月至2021年7月入组的30例寰枢椎脱位患者的临床资料,患者均为可复性寰枢椎脱位,均行后路寰枢椎侧块关节间松解与融合术治疗,术中应用专利器械松解寰枢侧块关节,应用后路螺钉复位固定并在侧块关节间隙植骨。术后随访6-24个月,平均(13.0±5.4)个月,随访期间复查颈椎MRI观察上颈椎减压情况,复查X射线片及CT观察上颈椎复位情况以及内固定有无松动、断裂,同时评估侧块间植骨融合情况。采用日本骨科协会(Japanese Orthopaedic Association,JOA)评分评价脊髓功能的改善情况,颈椎功能障碍指数(NDI)以及生活质量评分量表(SF-36)评估日常生活功能改善情况,测量寰齿前间隙、寰椎平面脊髓有效空间评估寰枢椎复位及减压情况。结果与结论:①30例患者手术顺利,术中未发生脊髓神经、椎动脉损伤等严重并发症,术后复查颈椎MRI显示脊髓压迫解除,X射线片及CT显示寰齿前间隙明显减小,寰椎平面脊髓有效空间明显增加,患者神经功能障碍症状明显减轻;②随访期间X射线片及CT显示内固定坚固,未出现断钉断棒,寰枢椎脱位无复发;③末次随访时患者JOA评分、颈椎功能障碍指数、生活质量评分较术前显著改善(P<0.05),末次随访JOA评分平均改善率为73.1%,平均颈椎功能受损指数为8.80%,所有患者寰枢椎侧块关节间均有连续骨痂连接,达到骨性融合;④结果表明:采用单纯后路寰枢椎侧块关节间松解与融合治疗寰枢椎脱位,可以显著提高融合率,缩短融合时间。BACKGROUND:Atlantoaxial dislocation is often facilitated by interlaminar bone grafting.However,there are relatively few reports on the treatment of complex atlantoaxial dislocation with posterior atlantoaxial lateral mass interarticular release and fusion.OBJECTIVE:To explore the safety and effectiveness of atlantoaxial dislocation treated by simple posterior atlantoaxial lateral block interarticular release and fusion.METHODS:We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 30 patients with atlantoaxial dislocation who were treated from January 2017 to July 2021,all of whom suffered from reducible atlantoaxial dislocation.Posterior atlantoaxial lateral mass interarticular release and fusion were performed in all patients.During the surgery,patented instruments were used to release the atlantoaxial lateral mass joint,and posterior screw reduction and fixation were used with bone grafting in the lateral mass joint space.The postoperative follow-up period was 6 to 24 months,mean(13.0±5.4)months.During the follow-up period,cervical MRI was reviewed to observe the decompression of the upper cervical spine.X-ray films and CT scans were reviewed to observe the reduction of the upper cervical spine,as well as the internal fixation for looseness and breakage.CT scans were reviewed to assess interlateral block implant fusion.The Japanese Orthopaedic Association score was used to evaluate the improvement of spinal cord function.The neck disability index and the quality of life scale were used to assess the improvement of daily life function.The atlanto-anterior interspace and atlanto-planar spinal effective space were used to evaluate atlantoaxial repositioning and decompression.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The surgery of 30 patients went smoothly,and no serious complications such as spinal nerve and vertebral artery injuries occurred during the operation.Postoperative review of cervical MRI showed that the spinal cord compression was lifted.X-ray film and CT showed that the atlanto-anterior gap was significantly reduced;the

关 键 词：寰枢椎脱位 寰枢侧块关节 松解 减压 固定 融合 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R318[医药卫生—临床医学] R681.5