论个人信息知情同意规则的强弱模式——兼论劳动关系场景中的选择与适用  

Informed Individual’s Consent Rules in Personal Information Processing——Also on the Choice and Application in Labor Relations Scenario

作　　者：王文文 WANG Wenwen(School of Economic Law,Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Yubei Chongqing,401120,China)

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学经济法学院,重庆渝北401120

出　　处：《西南石油大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第1期82-94,共13页Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：重庆市教委人文社会科学类研究项目“积极生育支持政策体系下生育假期的完善研究”(22SKGH041);西南政法大学学生科研创新项目“平台用工的性别平等法律保障机制研究”(2021XZXS-037)。

摘　　要：知情同意规则虽内涵了知情规则和同意规则,但其规则重点并不相同,前者侧重于信息提供和获取,后者侧重于意愿表达与选择。《个人信息保护法》的知情同意规则适用呈现为“强知情+强同意”“强知情+弱同意”“弱知情+弱同意”三种模式。劳动关系场景是检验个人信息保护知情同意规则的重要场域,采取“强知情+弱同意”模式符合理论原则和现实需要:为减少弱同意的损害后果,需要以利益一致原则为基础对涉及劳动者个人信息处理的劳动规章制度和合同内容进行实质审查;为确保强知情规则的落实,需从用人单位信息处理告知义务履行、知情规则中知情权请求权的实现机制构建以及劳资信息处理沟通、理解与共识机制形成三个方面实现劳动者个人信息保护和利用的平衡。Informed individual’s consent rules contain informed rules and consent rules,but with different weighting.The former focuses on information provision and acquisition,while the latter focuses on expression and choice of intention.This logic affects the“strong and weak”expression of informed consent rule in Personal Information Protection Law.According to the difference of emphasis,the informed individual’s consent rules in personal information protection take three modes applicable to specific scenarios:“strong notification+strong consent”,“strong notification+weak consent”,and“weak notification+weak consent”.In the scenario of labor relations,the mode of“strong notification+weak consent”conforms to the theoretical and practical needs.In order to ensure the application effect,it is necessary to conduct substantive review of labor rules,regulations and contracts involving personal information processing of employees in accordance with the principle of“consistent interests”to reduce the damaging consequences of“weak consent”.Meanwhile,in order to ensure the implementation of the“strong notification”rule,it is necessary for employers to fulfill the obligation of information processing and to construct the realization mechanism of the right of request for the right to know.Such efforts,working together with information processing communication,and understanding and consensus mechanism construction,can strike the balance between the protection and use of employee’s personal information.

关 键 词：知情规则 同意规则 “强知情” “弱同意” 劳动者个人信息保护 

分 类 号：DF47[政治法律—民商法学]