不同氮源处理对4个木薯品种幼苗生长发育的影响  

Effects of different nitrogen sources on seedling growth and development of four cassava varieties

作　　者：赵金铃 潘晋龙 吴宇垚 韩昊祥 张怀方 陈新[2] 曾长英[1,2] ZHAO Jinling;PAN Jinlong;WU Yuyao;HAN Haoxiang;ZHANG Huaifang;CHEN Xin;ZENG Changying(College of Tropical Crops,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228;Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学热带作物学院,海口570228 [2]中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所,海口571101

出　　处：《热带生物学报》2024年第1期19-26,共8页Journal of Tropical Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学地区基金(32060714,32260509);国家重点研发计划子课题(2018YFD1000500);海南大学科研启动费项目(RZ2100003186);海南省自然科学基金高层次人才项目(2019RC042);国家木薯产业技术体系品种改良岗位科学家项目(CARS11-HNCX)。

摘　　要：为了探究不同形态的氮源对不同品种木薯(Manihot esculenta)幼苗生长发育的影响及其差异性,以‘CH16’、‘SC16’、‘SC205’和‘17Q’等4个木薯品种作为试验材料,设置了-N、NO_(3)^(-)、NH4+三种不同氮源,围绕4个木薯品种的生长状况、氮含量、根系形态、氮积累量、氮素利用效率等特征展开研究。结果表明:在NaNO3(3 mmol·L^(-1)),NH4Cl(3 mmol·L^(-1))处理下,‘SC205’、‘17Q’对铵态氮的氮素利用效率相对较高,属于喜铵品种,‘SC16’和‘CH16’对硝态氮和铵态氮的利用效率和喜好性无差异;在无氮条件下,‘17Q’和‘SC16’耐低氮胁迫能力相对较强,是氮高效品种,而‘SC205’和‘CH16’耐低氮胁迫能力相对较弱,是氮低效品种,其中,‘CH16’的耐低氮能力最弱。In order to explore the effects of different nitrogen sources on the growth and development of different cassava varieties and their differences,three different nitrogen sources,namely-N,NO_(3)^(-)and NH4+,were used to treat four cassava varieties,‘CH16’,‘SC16’,‘SC205’and‘17Q’,in the experiment.The growth status,nitrogen content,root morphology,nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen use efficiency of four cassava varieties were observed and analyzed.The results showed that under the treatment of NaNO3(3 mmol·L^(-1))and NH4Cl(3 mmol·L^(-1)),the cassava varieties‘SC205’and‘17Q’had a relatively higher nitrogen utilization efficiency for ammonium nitrogen,belonging to the ammonium preferred varieties,while‘SC16’and‘CH16’had no difference in nitrogen utilization efficiency and preference for nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen.Under the condition of no nitrogen,‘17Q’and‘SC16’were nitrogen efficient cultivars with relatively high resistance to low nitrogen stress,while‘SC205’and‘CH16’were nitrogen inefficient cultivars with relatively low resistance to low nitrogen stress,among which‘CH16’had the lowest tolerance to low nitrogen.The study lays the foundation for genetic improvement of nitrogen use efficiency and scientific fertilization in cassava agricultural production.

关 键 词：木薯 无氮 硝态氮 铵态氮 氮素利用效率 生长发育 

分 类 号：S533[农业科学—作物学] Q945[生物学—植物学]