栽培密度对促成栽培切花芍药性状及品质的影响  

Effect of Planting Density on the Character and Cut Quality in Paeonia lactiflora under Forcing Culture

作　　者：董从国 顾嵩 赵忠磊 周保国 董金刚 张明春 DONG Congguo;GU Song;ZHAO Zhonglei;ZHOU Baoguod;DONG Jingang;ZHANG Mingchun(The Forestry Bureau of Mudan District,Heze Shandong 274009)

机构地区：[1]菏泽市牡丹区林业局,山东菏泽274009

出　　处：《山东林业科技》2023年第6期79-84,共6页Journal of Shandong Forestry Science and Technology

摘　　要：为探索生产高品质芍药鲜切花的合理栽培密度,完善和规范促成栽培切花芍药技术,以2年生切花芍药优良品种‘弗莱明’为试验材料,设置A(6.25株/m^(2))、B(5株/m^(2))、C(3.75株/m^(2))、D(2.5株/m^(2))4组促成栽培盆养密度,测定了芍药的生长表现指标、植株性状指标以及生物量分配特征,并对不同级别芍药切花产量和产值进行分析。结果表明:切花芍药的败蕾率、感病率与栽培密度成正比,而成花率则相反;C和D处理组的分支数、花蕾直径、茎粗显著大于A和B处理组,且表现出较低的比叶面积;整株干重随密度增加而减少,C和D处理组根、茎、花干重占整株干重的比例高于其它处理,而叶干重则表现相反;不同栽培密度下,C处理组可销售的Ⅰ级花和Ⅱ级花产量明显高于其它处理。综合芍药切花品质和产量分析结果,盆养密度过大的芍药,可采切销售的鲜切花品级和数量有所下降,密度过小则会导致生产效益降低,芍药促成栽培盆养密度控制在3.75株/m^(2)为宜。In order to explore the reasonable cultivation density of high-quality cut flower peony,and improve and standardize the technology of forcing culture of cut flower peony.Groups A(6.25 plants/m),B(5 plants/m),C(3.75 plants/m),D(2.5 plants/m)were set up for treatment,taking the excellent variety‘Alexander Fleming'of two years old as the experimental material.The growth performance indexes,plant character indexes and biomass distribution characteristics of peony were determined,and the yield and output value of cut flowers of dfferent grades were calculated.The results showed that the bud failure rate and disease susceptibility rate were proportional to the cultivation density,but the flowering rate was opposite.The number of branches,bud diameter and stem diameter in C and D treatments were significantly higher than those in A and B treatments,and the specific leaf area was lower.The dry weight of the whole plant decreased with the increase of density,and the proportion of root,stem and flower in the whole plant dry weight of C and D treatments was higher than that of other treatments,but the dry weight of leaf was opposite.The yield of grade I and grade II flowers under C treatment was significantly higher than that under other treatments.According to the results of quality and yield analysis,the grade and quantity of cut flowers could be decreased if the density was too high,while the production efficiency would decrease if the density was too low.Therefore,it is appropriate to control the density at 3.75 plants/m^(2).

关 键 词：芍药鲜切花 促成栽培 栽培密度 盆养 

分 类 号：S682.12[农业科学—观赏园艺]