湖北省烤烟移栽期和采收期温度指标及大田期可用日数分析  

Analysis of Temperature Indices During Transplanting and Harvesting Periods and Available Days in Field of Flue-cured Tobacco in Hubei Province

作　　者：张丽 任永建 孟芳 李洪兵 雷东洋 秦铁伟[4] Zhang Li;Ren Yongjian;Meng Fang;Li Hongbin;Lei Dongyang;Qin Tiewei(Yichang Meteorological Office of Hubei Province,Yichang 443000,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Tobacco Meteorology Research,Wuhan 430205,China;Hubei Meteorological Service Center,Wuhan 430205,China;Yichang Branch of Hubei Tobacco Company,Yichang 443000,China)

机构地区：[1]宜昌市气象局,湖北宜昌443000 [2]湖北省烟草气象研究重点实验室,武汉430205 [3]湖北省气象服务中心,武汉430205 [4]湖北省烟草公司宜昌市公司,湖北宜昌443000

出　　处：《气象与环境科学》2023年第6期59-65,共7页Meteorological and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：中国烟草总公司湖北省公司科技项目(027Y2021-021、027Y2021-020);湖北省气象局科技基金项目(2022Y11)。

摘　　要：利用湖北省2011—2020年乡镇代表站逐日温度数据和烤烟生育期观测资料,采用逐步搜索法和GIS定点读取法,开展基于网格点的全省烤烟最适宜的移栽期和采收期温度指标研究,确定大田期可用日数。结果表明:(1)稳定通过16℃、15℃、14℃的初日和稳定通过22℃、19℃、16℃的终日分别为海拔800 m以下、[800 m,1200 m]和1200 m以上区域烤烟最适宜的移栽期和采收期温度指标。(2)根据大田期可用日数,将湖北省烟区分为3个主要类型区,区划结果与实际种植情况大体吻合。其中,Ⅰ类区大田期可用日数为[110 d,140 d),是当前烤烟种植主产区;Ⅱ类区大田期可用日数长于Ⅰ类区的,为优质烤烟发展潜力区;Ⅲ类区大田期可用日数较为极端,高海拔地区热量条件较差,低山平原地区虽热量条件充足,但灾害频发,为烤烟种植温度不适宜区。Using the daily temperature data of township representative stations and the observation data of flue-cured tobacco growth period in Hubei Province from 2011 to 2020,this paper studies the temperature indices of the most suitable transplanting and harvesting periods of flue-cured tobacco in Hubei Province based on grid points by the stepwise search method and GIS fixed-point reading method,and determines the number of available days in the field period.The results show that:(1)The first day with temperature stabilized at 16℃,15℃or 14℃and the end day with temperature stabilized at 22℃,19℃or 16℃are the most suitable temperature indices for transplanting and harvesting of flue-cured tobacco below 800 m,\and above 1200 m,respectively.(2)According to the days available in the field of flue-cured tobacco,the tobacco-planting region in Hubei Province can be divided into 3 types,and the results of regionalization are in good agreement with the actual planting situation.Among them,the Type I areas are the main production areas because of the available days[110 d,140 d)in field,the Type II areas are the potential development areas of high quality flue-cured tobacco because of the more available days in field than in the Type I area,and the type III areas are less suitable for tobacco planting because of the limited available days in field and poor climatic conditions at high altitudes.The low-altitude mountain and plain areas have rich thermal conditions,but the natural disasters occur frequently there,so they are not suitable for tobacco planting.

关 键 词：烤烟 移栽期 采收期 大田期 可用日数 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业] P49[农业科学—作物学]