十堰烤烟主产区大风分布特征及灾情分析  

Distribution Characteristics of Gale and Disaster Situation in the Main Flue-cured Tobacco Producing Areas in Shiyan

作　　者：刘少霞[1,2] 夏金 李爱华[3] 陈子凡 杜世晔 曾繁蕊 任恒[1] Liu Shaoxia;Xia Jin;Li Aihua;Chen Zifan;Du Shiye;Zeng Fanrui;Ren Heng(Shiyan Meteorological Office of Hubei Province,Shiyan 442000,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Tobacco Meteorology Research,Wuhan 430205,China;Shiyan Tobacco Monopoly Bureau of Hubei Province,Shiyan 442000,China)

机构地区：[1]十堰市气象局,湖北十堰442000 [2]湖北省烟草气象研究重点实验室,武汉430205 [3]十堰市烟草专卖局,湖北十堰442000

出　　处：《气象与环境科学》2023年第6期85-91,共7页Meteorological and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：中国烟草总公司湖北省公司重点科技项目(027Y2021-020、027Y2021-021);湖北省气象局科技发展基金项目(2021Q14、2022Y11)。

摘　　要：利用2011—2020年十堰烤烟主产区气象站点极大风速数据,结合同期大风灾情资料,分析烟区大风灾情动态变化特征。结果表明:十堰烤烟主产区年平均大风日数为19.4天,2019年的最多,达29.4天;大风主要集中在3—8月,涵盖整个大田生育期;7~12级大风在7月和8月出现最多,对烟叶旺长期和成熟期影响较大。烟区大风集中在午后到傍晚,东东南风出现最多,达11.1%,南风出现频率最低。烟区大风频次和极值均呈现“北多南少”的分布特征,西北部烟区大风频次较多,极大风速较大,南部烟区的相对较低。烟区大风成灾率、灾损率高值区主要集中在湖北口乡、土城镇、万峪河乡、店子镇等地,与大风出现频次、强度密切相关。Based on the extreme wind speed data from the meteorological stations in the main flue-cured tobacco-planting areas in Shiyan,Hubei Province,from 2011 to 2020,and the gale disaster data during the same period,this paper analyzes the dynamic characteristics of gale disaster in tobacco-planting areas.The results show that the annual average number of days with gales in the main flue-cured tobacco areas in Shiyan is 19.4 d,and the most gale days appeared in 2019,reaching 29.4 d.Gale events occur mainly from March to August,covering the whole growth period of the field tobacco.The gales with wind scale 7 to 12 occur most frequently in July and August,influencing the growth of tobacco leaves heavily in the prosperous and mature periods.From afternoon to evening is the major period to see gales in the tobacco areas,and mostly blow the east-southeast(ESE)winds,reaching 11.1%,and south winds occur least frequently.The frequency and extreme value of gales in the tobacco-planting areas show the distribution characteristics of“more in the north and less in the south”.The gale events occur more frequently in the tobacco-planting areas in the northwestern part of Shiyan with larger maximum speeds,but less in the southern tobacco areas.The high disaster rate and damage rate of gales in the tobacco-planting areas mainly concentrated in Hubeikou,Tucheng,Wanyu,Dianzi and other places,and are closely related to frequency and strength of gales.

关 键 词：烟叶 大风分布 生育期 灾情特征 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]