光热与光伏发电综合对比  

Comprehensive comparison between photothermal power generation and photovoltaic power generation

作　　者：李富春 刘飞 邵成成[3] 田旭 田炜一 冯斌 LI Fuchun;LIU Fei;SHAO Chengcheng;TIAN Xu;TIAN Weiyi;FENG Bin(Northwest Electric Power Design Institute Co.,Ltd.of China Power Engineering Consulting Group,Xi′an 710075,China;Economic and Technoloical Research Institute of State Grid Qinghai Electric Power Company,Xining 810008,China;School of Electrical Engineering,Xi′an Jiaotong University,Xi′an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电力工程顾问集团西北电力设计院有限公司,陕西西安710075 [2]国网青海省电力公司经济技术研究院,青海西宁810008 [3]西安交通大学电气工程学院,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《电力工程技术》2024年第1期246-253,共8页Electric Power Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52177113)。

摘　　要：光伏发电和光热发电是太阳能发电的2种典型形式。光伏开发成本相对较低,但为保证系统安全稳定运行,须配置一定比例储能和分布式调相机,造成发电成本提升,而光热自带储热和出力友好性,因此目前对于光伏与光热的发展技术路线仍存在较大争议。文中以青海海西地区为例,基于同一时空太阳能辐照资源和出力特性,比较光伏+储能与光热的电力保障能力;然后从电网安全稳定支撑能力角度对光伏+储能+调相机与光热进行比较;最后基于光热和光伏成本下降趋势预测进行二者的经济性对比。研究结果表明,若将光热和光伏放到技术对等层面,则光热由于同时具备储热和常规发电机功能,能够为系统提供短路容量、无功补偿和转动惯量支撑,在成本下降后经济性与光伏+储能+调相机基本相当,甚至更优。Photovoltaic power generation and photothermal power generation are two forms of solar power generation.The development cost of photovoltaic is relatively lower than photothermal,but a certain proportion of energy storage and distributed synchronous condensers are needed to ensure the safe and stable operation of the system.As a result the cost of photovoltaic power generation rises.Photothermal comes with heat storage and output friendliness,so currently there is still a great dispute about the technical route of photovoltaic and photothermal.This paper takes Haixi area of Qinghai province as an example.Firstly,based on the characteristics of solar irradiation resources and output in the same time and space,the power guarantee capabilities of photovoltaic+energy storage and photothermal is compared.Then this paper compares photovoltaic+energy storage+condenser with photothermal from the perspective of power grid security and stability support ability.Finally,this paper compares the economics of solar thermal and photovoltaic based on the forecast of their cost declining trend.Photothermal has both thermal storage and conventional generator functions,providing short circuit capacity,reactive power compensation and moment of inertia support for the system.The results show the economy of photothermal is basically equivalent to,or even better than photovoltaic+energy storage+condenser after the cost reduction in the case of technical equivalence.

关 键 词：光伏 光热 储能 分布式调相机 电力保障 日等效发电小时数 旋转惯量 容量费用 

分 类 号：TM615[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]