勃兴与途穷:《南部档案》所见晚清金商办矿研究  

Booming and Declining: A Study of Mine Management of Gold Merchants in the Late Qing Period as Reflected in Nanbu County Government Archives of Qing Dynasty

作　　者：熊梅[1] 阎钰铃 XIONG Mei;YAN Yuling(School of History and Culture,West Normal University,Nanchong,Sichuan 637000)

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学历史文化学院,四川南充637000

出　　处：《成都大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第1期106-128,共23页Journal of Chengdu University (Social Sciences)

基　　金：西华师范大学地方档案与文献研究中心2022年度一般项目(项目编号:DAWXC2206)。

摘　　要：四川省南部县出产金矿,开采以山金为主,有民间散户开淘、厂夫办厂开淘、金商自办矿厂三种开采模式。清代光宣年间,县衙招徕四届金商经办矿务、谋求矿利。金商办矿后,形成了官督商办、商为主导的地方矿业管理体系,与厂夫、民众等人的互动中演化出了新的基层矿业关系网格。越境者承揽矿采、商人出资办矿准入资格限制的释放,反映出晚清地方办矿的松动。晚清四川办矿进程中,由于官商前期缺乏周密调查、地方政府监管不足、政商隔阂与商民争讼,导致广开利源、振兴矿政的预期效益难以实现。Nanfang County in Sichuan Province was rich in gold mine,and the main focus was on mountain gold mining.There were three mining modes:private retail mining,factory operators mining,and gold merchants running their own mining plants.During the Guangxuan period of the Qing Dynasty,the county government office recruited four gold merchants to manage the mining business and benefit from the gold mines.A local mining management system operated by gold merchants under the supervision of officials and dominated by gold merchants was formed,and a new grid of grass-roots mining relations evolved from interactions with the factory operators and the public.The release of the restrictions on the entry qualification of cross-border mining and merchants'investment in mining reflects the loosening of local mining policy in the late Qing Dynasty.In the process of mining management in Sichuan in the late Qing Dynasty,due to the lack of careful investigation by officials and merchants in the early stage,the insufficient supervision by the local government,the estrangement between government and merchants,and the disputes between merchants and the public,it was difficult to realize the expected benefits of expanding the source of profits and revitalizing the mining administration.

关 键 词：晚清 南部县 《南部档案》 金矿 金商 

分 类 号：G275.1[文化科学—档案学] K252[历史地理—历史学]