数字贸易强国:理论、指标及测度  

Powerful Country in Digital Trade:Connotation,Indicators and Measurement

作　　者：戴翔[1] 林益安 王昱涵 DAI Xiang;LIN Yian;WANG Yuhan(Joint Research Institute,Nanjing Audit University,Nanjing 211815,China;School of Economics,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]南京审计大学联合研究院,江苏南京211815 [2]浙江大学经济学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《中南财经政法大学学报》2024年第1期96-108,共13页Journal of Zhongnan University of Economics and Law

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国式现代化的统计监测评价问题研究”(23&ZD036);党的二十大精神专题研究项目“江苏自贸试验区提升战略的内涵、目标及重点任务研究”(SJZT202315)。

摘　　要：在数字经济成为全球重要经济形态的背景下,正确认识数字贸易强国必须建立在科学构建数字贸易强国指数的基础上。本文在理论上分析了数字化程度对贸易利益的微观影响机制,据此构建了数字贸易强国综合衡量指标,继而测算了2012—2019年主要经济体的数字贸易强国指数,并从质量、规模等多个维度进行了分解。结果显示:第一,样本期内中国数字贸易强国指数位于世界第二,但在数字贸易质量方面与美国、日本、德国等发达国家仍有较大差距;第二,从产业层面看,中国数字产业领域的数字贸易具有显著优势,保持了领先地位,这源于在全球价值链分工条件下中国数字产成品出口占据了数量和质量优势,但在融合数字技术的传统产业方面数量和质量均不占优;第三,基于产品层面的测算结果表明,在作为数字产业核心的中间产品方面,中国与发达国家有较大差距。建设数字贸易强国,中国亟待由数量优势、产成品优势向质量优势和核心中间产品优势转型。Under the background that the digital economy has gradually become the main economic form in the world,a correct understanding of the digital trade power must be based on the scientific construction of the digital trade power index.This paper analyzes the micro impact mechanism of digital degree on trade interests,builds a comprehensive measurement index of digital trade power on this basis,calculates the digital trade power index from 2012 to 2019,and further decomposes and calculates from multiple dimensions such as quality and scale.The results are as follows.Firstly,during the sample period,China's digital trade power index ranked second in the world,but there is still a significant gap in the quality of digital trade compared to developed countries such as the United States,Japan,and Germany.Secondly,from an industrial perspective,digital trade in China's digital industry has significant advantages and maintains a leading position.This is due to the fact that under the conditions of global value chain division of labor,China's digital product exports have a quantity and quality advantage,but they are not superior in terms of quantity and quality in traditional industries that integrate digital technology.Thirdly,based on product level calculations,there is a significant gap between China and developed countries in terms of intermediate products as the core of the digital industry.To build a strong digital trade country,China urgently needs to transform from its advantages in quantity and finished products to its advantages in quality and core intermediate products.

关 键 词：数字贸易强国 贸易优势 数字产业化 产业数字化 

分 类 号：F74[经济管理—国际贸易]