缺氧生物膜转型厌氧氨氧化生物膜培养与富集特性  

Culture and enrichment characteristics of anammox biofilm with anoxic biofilm

作　　者：蒋睿 李韧 于莉芳[1,2] 刘然 刘甜 张日霞 JIANG Rui;LI Ren;YU Li-fang;LIU Ran;LIU Tian;ZHANG Ri-xia(School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,China;Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource,Environment and Ecology,Ministry of Education,Xi’an 710055,China;Xi'an Municipal Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd,Xi’an 710068,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,陕西西安710055 [2]西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710055 [3]西安市政设计研究院有限公司,陕西西安710068

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2024年第1期114-120,共7页China Environmental Science

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目(2023-YBSF-314);陕西省教育厅重点科学研究计划项目(22JT024)。

摘　　要：接种西安市某污水处理厂缺氧池生物膜构建升流式厌氧固定床生物膜(UAFB)反应器从而富集培养厌氧氨氧化(Anammox)生物膜,通过测定生物膜Anammox活性和酶活性并进行高通量测序分析,探讨城市污水处理厂现有填料转型培养Anammox生物膜的可行性及生物膜内菌群演替规律.结果表明,经29d培养后的UAFB-Anammox反应器TN去除率高达76.22%,快速启动成功;负荷提升阶段,表面氮负荷(SNLR)由0.23g/(m^(2)·d)提升至2.59g/(m^(2)·d),最大Anammox活性维持2.15g/(m^(2)·d),TN去除率高达83.68%.Illumina MiSeq测序结果发现,富集后的生物膜中优势菌属为Ca.Brocadia,相对丰度为33.38%,富集效果明显.同时缺氧生物膜上反硝化菌Denitratisoma以Anammox的产物NO_(3)^(-)-N为基质,逐渐与AnAOB形成共生存关系.这说明利用城市污水处理厂现有缺氧生物膜可以快速培养Anammox生物膜,对Anammox工艺在城市污水处理厂升级改造中的应用提供一定参考.The anaerobic ammonium oxidation(Anammox)biofilm was enriched and cultured in an up-flow anaerobic fixed bed biofilm(UAFB)reactor by inoculating the anoxic biofilm of a sewage treatment plant(STP)in Xi'an.The feasibility of this strategy was investigated by measuring the Anammox activity,hydrazine dehydrogenase(HZO)activity,and microbial community succession within the biofilms.The UAFB-Anammox reactor was successfully started up within 29 days,with a total nitrogen(TN)removal rate of 76.22%.When the surface nitrogen loading rate(SNLR)from 0.23g/(m^(2)·d)to 2.59g/(m^(2)·d),the maximum Anammox activity reached 2.15g/(m^(2)·d),the TN removal rate was 83.68%.Illumina MiSeq sequencing results revealed that the AnAOB was significant enriched and domianted by Ca.Brocadia with a relative abundance of 33.38%.Concurrently,the denitrifying bacteria Denitratisoma,which colonized in the anoxic biofilm,appeared to utilize the NO_(3)^(-)-N produced by the AnAOB,thereby establishing a symbiotic relationship.These findings suggest that the use of existing anoxic biofilms in STPs can expedite the cultivation and enrichment of Anammox biofilms,providing valuable insights for the application of the Anammox process in the upgrading of STPs.

关 键 词：缺氧生物膜 厌氧氨氧化 转型培养 肼氧化酶 菌群演替 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]