紫茎泽兰对水稻种子萌发的化感作用  

Allelopathy of Eupatorium adenophorum on Seed Germination of Rice

作　　者：赵烛芳 杨佩儒 何丽萍[1] 文彬[2] ZHAO Zhufang;YANG Peiru;HE Liping;WEN Bin(College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use,Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Mengla 666303,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学农学与生物技术学院,云南昆明650201 [2]中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园/热带植物资源与可持续利用重点实验室,云南勐腊666303

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第6期907-912,共6页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31971573)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究紫茎泽兰对水稻种子萌发和幼苗生长的化感作用。【方法】用水提取紫茎泽兰的根、茎、叶,获得不同质量浓度的浸提液,用于处理云陆142和傣家稻水稻种子,测定水稻发芽率、幼苗生长状况和丙二醛含量等指标。【结果】0.02 g/mL紫茎泽兰叶片提取液处理云陆142和傣家稻种子,发芽率分别从92.00%和74.00%显著降低至86.00%和65.00%;随着提取液质量浓度的增加,种子发芽率的降幅增大。叶片提取液的化感作用大于根和茎,可完全抑制水稻根的生长,抑制率高达100%,对水稻苗高的抑制率也可达约40%,还可提高幼苗丙二醛含量。【结论】紫茎泽兰内含抑制水稻种子萌发和生长的化感物质,以叶片提取液的化感效应最强,且对根伸长的抑制作用大于地上部,云陆142对紫茎泽兰的化感作用比傣家稻敏感。研究结果为揭示紫茎泽兰的危害、在紫茎泽兰入侵区选择化感效应弱的水稻品种以减少产量损失提供了有益信息。[Purpose]To explore the allelopathy of Eupatorium adenophorum on rice seed germin-ation and seedling growth.[Methods]Two varieties of Yunlu142 and Daijia rice were treated by different mass concentrations of water extracts from roots,stems and leaves of E.adenophorum.The germination rate,seedling growth and malondialdehyde(MDA)content of rice were determined.[Results]Treated with 0.02 g/mL leaf extract of E.adenophorum,the germination rate of Yunlu142 and Daijia rice were 86.00%and 65.00%,respectively,significantly lower than CK(92.00%and 74.00%,respectively),and the germination rate decreased with the increase of extrac-tion mass concentration of E.adenophorum.The allelopathic effect of leaf extract was stronger than root and stem.The inhibition rates of rice root length and seedling height reached 100%and about 40%,respectively;also the MDA content were increased.[Conclusion]E.adenophorum contains allelochemicals that inhibit rice seed germination and growth;the leaf extract is stronger than stem and root,and the inhibition of rice root elongation is stronger than the aboveground part.The re-sponse of Yunlu142 to the allelopathy of E.adenophorum is higher than that of Daijia rice.The res-ults provide useful information for revealing the harm of E.adenophorum,selecting rice varieties with weak allelopathy and reducing yield loss in E.adenophorum.

关 键 词：紫茎泽兰 化感作用 水稻种子 发芽率 幼苗生长 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学]