昭通牛mtDNA D-loop区遗传多样性分析  

Genetic Diversity of mtDNA D-loop Region in Zhaotong Cattle

作　　者：朱群媱 丁利民 容斌 邓琦炜 胡瑀 范新阳[1] 苗永旺[1] ZHU Qunyao;DING Limin;RONG Bin;DENG Qiwei;HU Yu;FAN Xinyang;MIAO Yongwang(Faculty of Animal Science and Technology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Zhaotong Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Technology Extension Station,Zhaotong 657000,China;Institute of Livestock and Poultry,Zhaotong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhaotong 657000,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学动物科学技术学院,云南昆明650201 [2]昭通市畜牧兽医技术推广站,云南昭通657000 [3]昭通市农业科学院畜禽研究所,云南昭通657000

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第6期921-928,共8页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32260822,31760659);云南省应用基础研究重点项目(2014FA032,2007C0003Z)。

摘　　要：【目的】阐明昭通牛群体遗传背景信息。【方法】采用PCR产物直接测序技术对98头昭通牛样品的mtDNA D-loop区全序列变异进行检测,进一步将昭通牛的数据与已发表的云南文山牛、德宏高峰牛、滇中牛和迪庆牛的mtDNA数据进行联合分析。【结果】昭通牛mtDNA D-loop区序列共检测到73个核苷酸替换位点和3个插入/缺失。核苷酸替换位点约占检测核苷酸位点总数的8.13%,其中18个为单一信息位点,55个为简约信息位点,碱基替换主要为转换。在昭通牛群体中共确定36种单倍型,其中38.78%的个体属于H01~H09单倍型,源于瘤牛已发现的2个mtDNA世系,I1世系占37.76%,I2世系占1.02%;其余61.22%昭通牛个体分布于H10~H36单倍型中,都源于已发现的普通牛mtDNA世系,其中T2世系占5.10%,T3世系占43.88%,T4世系占12.24%。昭通牛群体的单倍型多样度为0.880±0.027,核苷酸多样度为0.024 43±0.000 94,群体内遗传距离为0.026±0.004,群体内遗传多样性指数为0.027±0.004。昭通牛与迪庆牛间的遗传距离和遗传分化最小,与德宏高峰牛间的遗传距离和遗传分化最大。【结论】昭通牛遗传多样性较丰富,与云南本地其他牛种存在一定遗传分化,在母系起源上为瘤牛和普通牛2个血统的混合起源,但受普通牛的影响较大。[Purpose]To clarify the genetic background information of Zhaotong cattle.[Methods]The variations in mtDNA D-loop complete sequences from 98 samples of Zhaotong cattle were detec-ted by direct sequencing of PCR products.Further,the data of Zhaotong cattle were analyzed jointly with the published mtDNA data of Yunnan indigenous cattle,including Wenshan cattle,Dehong humped cattle,Dianzhong cattle and Diqing cattle.[Results]A total of 73 nucleotide substitution sites and three indels were found in the mtDNA D-loop sequence of Zhaotong cattle.The nucleotide substitutions found accounted for about 8.13%of the total nucleotide sites detected and base substitu-tions were mainly transitions,of which 18 were single informative sites,55 were parsimony informat-ive sites.A total of 36 haplotypes were identified in Zhaotong cattle,of which 38.78%belonged to the haplotypes H01-H09 derived from two mtDNA lineages of Bos indicus been found:I1 lineage ac-counted for 37.76%and I2 lineage accounted for 1.02%.And the remaining 61.22%of this cattle was distributed in haplotypes H10-H36,which were derived from the discovered mtDNA lineages of B.taurus,of which T2 lineage accounts for 5.10%,T3 lineage accounts for 43.88%,and T4 lineage ac-counts for 12.24%.The haplotype diversity of Zhaotong cattle was 0.880±0.027,the nucleotide di-versity was 0.02443±0.00094,the genetic distance within population was 0.026±0.004,and the ge-netic diversity index within the population was 0.027±0.004.The genetic distance and genetic differ-entiation between Zhaotong cattle and Diqing cattle were the lowest,and that between Zhaotong cattle and Dehong humped cattle were the highest.[Conclusion]The genetic diversity of Zhaotong cattle is rich,and this cattle has a certain degree of genetic differentiation with other indigenous cattle breeds in Yunnan.The cattle has mixed maternal origins of B.taurus and B.indicus,but it is greatly affected by B.taurus.

关 键 词：昭通牛 线粒体DNA控制区 遗传多样性 母系世系 遗传分化 

分 类 号：S823.2[农业科学—畜牧学]