三晋贤臣神圣化发展轨迹中的异质性特征——以民间窦犨和狐突信仰的传播为例  

Heterogeneity in the Sanctification of Wise Ministers in Shanxi:A Case Study of the Spread of Folk Beliefs in Dou Chou and Hu Tu

作　　者：赵振焕 ZHAO Zhenhuan(Institute of Religions,Xinjiang Academy of Social Science,Urumqi 830011,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆社会科学院宗教研究院,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《中北大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第1期35-41,共7页Journal of North University of China：Social Science Edition

摘　　要：山西因自然地理的特殊性时常导致旱灾的发生,由此产生了许多具有司雨职能的本土人格神。以贤臣狐突和窦犨作为原型树立的职能神,是此类民间信仰的典型代表。其人物角色原本存在相似之处,但因出身地位、史料记载、灵验效果、职能扩散以及社会活动中扮演角色的差异性,促使两种地方民俗信仰在形成和发展过程中出现天壤之别的局面,还在凡圣转换的异化过程中呈现出地方民俗中贤臣神化时原本具有的人本性,以及崇拜者因功利性为其赋予并扩大神圣职能,同时还原其在明清时期社会和国家权力层面的重要媒介作用。Due to the frequent occurrence of droughts caused by the unique natural geography,Shanxi has given rise to many local deities with the function of regulating rain.Using the prototypes of wise minis-ters Hu Tu and Dou Chou,locally revered functional deities have been established,representing typical examples of such folk beliefs.While these two characters originally had similarities,differences in social sta-tus,historical records,miraculous effects,the diffusion of functions and their roles in social activities led to stark contrasts in the formation and development of these two local folk beliefs.Moreover,during the pro-cess of transformation from the mundane to the sacred,the deification of wise ministers in local folk beliefs retained their original human characteristics.Worshipers endowed and expanded their sacred functions based on utilitarian considerations,while also recognizing their important mediating roles in the social and state power structures during the Ming and Qing dynasties.

关 键 词：窦犨 狐突 民间信仰 职能神 异质性 

分 类 号：B989.2[哲学宗教—宗教学]