湿法膨化和发酵豆粕对断奶仔猪生长性能、免疫功能及氨基酸消化率的影响  

Effects of wet extruded and fermented soybean meal on growth performance,immune function and amino acid digestibility in weaned piglets

作　　者：张相雷 金灵红 杨金玉 陶生祥 卓儒浩 许梦慧 吴嘉敏 柳清扬 钟翔[1] ZHANG Xianglei;JIN Linghong;YANG Jinyu;TAO Shengxiang;ZHUO Ruhao;XU Menghui;WU Jiamin;LIU Qingyang;ZHONG Xiang(College of Animal Science and Technology,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Suzhou DKVE Animal Nutrition Co.,Ltd,Suzhou 215105,China;Tianjin DKVE Animal Nutrition Co.,Ltd,Tianjin 300462,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学动物科技学院,江苏南京210095 [2]苏州帝凯维动物营养有限公司,江苏苏州215105 [3]天津帝凯维动物营养有限公司,天津300462

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2024年第1期113-122,共10页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD130040307);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(KYCXJC2023003)。

摘　　要：[目的]本试验旨在探究湿法膨化和发酵豆粕对断奶仔猪生长性能、免疫功能及氨基酸消化率的影响。[方法]选用21日龄、体重相近,公母各半的288头断奶仔猪,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复12头。常规组(Con)饲喂常规豆粕,3个试验组分别为湿法膨化1组(WeSM1)、湿法膨化2组(WeSM2)和发酵组(FSM),分别饲喂湿法膨化豆粕和发酵豆粕。在试验的14和49 d,于每个重复中随机选取1只健康状况良好的断奶仔猪采血。在试验的47~49 d,连续收集3 d的粪便用于养分及氨基酸消化率的测定。[结果]湿法膨化1组和湿法膨化2组断奶仔猪平均日增重和采食量均高于常规组(P>0.05),以湿法膨化1组的效果最优。发酵组料重比显著高于常规组(P<0.05)。与常规豆粕和发酵豆粕相比,饲喂湿法膨化豆粕可以显著提高断奶仔猪总能、粗灰分的表观消化率(P<0.05);与常规组相比,其他3组赖氨酸、精氨酸、丝氨酸和天冬氨酸表观消化率显著提高(P<0.05),以湿法膨化1组效果最好。与常规组相比,湿法膨化2组和发酵组仔猪血清游离精氨酸、赖氨酸、酪氨酸含量显著提高(P<0.05)。在试验14 d,与常规组相比,发酵组血清球蛋白含量显著提高,白蛋白与球蛋白之比显著降低(P<0.05),发酵组和湿法膨化2组断奶仔猪血清中IgM含量显著提高(P<0.05),湿法膨化1组和2组及发酵组仔猪血清中MDA的含量均显著降低(P<0.05);与湿法膨化1组、湿法膨化2组相比,发酵组试验49 d血清中GSH-Px的活性显著提高(P<0.05)。[结论]豆粕经湿法膨化和发酵处理能够提高断奶仔猪的生长性能、养分消化率、血清抗氧化和免疫相关指标及游离氨基酸含量,且发酵豆粕在提高血清抗氧化及免疫功能方面优于湿法膨化豆粕,但在提高仔猪生长性能、养分表观消化率方面不及湿法膨化豆粕。[Objectives]This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of wet extruded and fermented soybean meal on growth performance,immune function and amino acid digestibility in weaned piglets.[Methods]A total of 288 piglets weaned at 21 days of age with similar body weight and half male and half female were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 12 piglets per replicate.The conventional group(Con)was fed with conventional soybean meal,and 3 experimental groups(WeSM1,WeSM2,FSM)were fed with wet extruded soybean meal(2 groups)and fermented soybean meal respectively.On 14 and 49 days of the trial period,one healthy weaned piglet was randomly selected from each replicate for blood collection.On 47 to 49 days of the experiment,feces were collected for 3 consecutive days to determine nutrient and amino acid digestibility.[Results]The average daily gain and feed intake of weaned piglets in wet extruded soybean meal group 1(WeSM1)and wet extruded soybean meal group 2(WeSM2)were higher than those in conventional soybean meal group(P>0.05).Among them,wet extruded soybean meal group 1 had the best effect.The ratio of feed to gain in fermented soybean meal group was significantly higher than that in conventional soybean meal group(P<0.05).Compared with conventional soybean meal and fermented soybean meal,feeding wet extruded soybean meal could significantly increase the apparent digestibility of gross energy and ash of weaned piglets(P<0.05).Compared with conventional soybean meal group,the apparent digestibility of lysine,arginine,serine and aspartic acid in the other three groups were significantly increased(P<0.05).Among them,wet extruded soybean meal group 1 had the best effect.Compared with conventional soybean meal group,the contents of free arginine,lysine and tyrosine in serum of wet extruded soybean meal group 2 and fermented soybean meal group significantly increased(P<0.05).On the 14th day of the experiment,compared with conventional soybean meal group,serum globulin content in ferment

关 键 词：断奶仔猪 豆粕加工处理 生长性能 氨基酸消化率 

分 类 号：S852.6[农业科学—基础兽医学]