不同施肥水平对青稞豌豆混作根际土壤真菌群落结构及多样性的影响  

Effects of Different Fertilization Levels on Rhizosphere Soil Fungal Community Structure and Diversity of Hulless Barley and Pea Mixed Cropping Pattern

作　　者：郭童鑫 姚晓华[1,2,3] 吴昆仑 姚有华[1,2,3] GUO Tongxin;YAO Xiaohua;WU Kunlun;YAO Youhua(Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Qinghai Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Xining 810016,China;Qinghai Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley Genetics and Breeding/Hulless Barley Branch of State Wheat Improvement Centre,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农林科学院,西宁810016 [2]青海省农林科学院,西宁810016 [3]青海省青稞遗传育种重点实验室/国家麦类改良中心青海青稞分中心,西宁810016

出　　处：《土壤》2023年第6期1261-1271,共11页Soils

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32060447);国家大麦青稞产业技术体系项目(CARS-05-01A-05)资助。

摘　　要：采用真菌ITS区的Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术,并结合非度量多维尺度分析(NMDS)、冗余分析(RDA)和曼特尔检验(Mantel test),探讨青稞单作(Q)、豌豆单作(W)、青稞豌豆混作(Q×W)3种模式在不施肥(0NP)、低氮磷(LNP)、高氮磷(HNP)3种施肥水平下根际土壤真菌群落结构组成及多样性的差异,同时测定其土壤理化性质,并与根际土壤真菌群落结构进行相关性分析。结果表明:青稞、豌豆在3种种植模式下土壤均呈碱性,且在不同施肥水平下土壤理化性质差异显著。门水平上,不同试验处理下共检测到18个真菌类群,子囊菌门(Ascomycota,63.5%~78.5%)、被孢霉门(Mortierellomycota,3.6%~14%)、担子菌门(Basidiomycota,1.1%~6.9%)为共有优势类群;在属水平上,Penicillium、Mortierella在青稞豌豆混作根际土壤中相对丰度最高,可能是驱动土壤有机氮、磷转化为无机氮、磷的主要真菌群落。Bipolaris、Blumeria、Fusarium、Cladosporium为土壤真菌群落丰度最高的4种潜在致病菌属,在青稞豌豆混作根际土壤中的相对丰度低于青稞单作和豌豆单作,混作模式在不同施肥水平下4种具有潜在致病性的真菌间相对丰度存在显著差异。在LNP、HNP水平下混作模式根际土壤中的真菌丰富度指数(ACE、Chao1)显著低于青稞单作,多样性指数(Shannon、Simpson)也低于青稞单作,但没有显著性差异;混作模式在LNP水平下ACE指数、Chao1指数显著低于0NP水平,但Shannon指数、Simpson指数高于0NP水平。从不同试验处理属水平下真菌群落相对丰度来看,混作模式可显著增加根际土壤中有益菌群的相对丰度,通过根际土壤微生物优势种群及α多样性分析,青稞豌豆混作模式较青稞单作、豌豆单作可增加根际土壤中属水平下Penicillium、Mortierella等具有溶磷、氨化作用菌群的相对丰度,降低Bipolaris、Blumeria、Fusarium、Cladosporium等潜在致病菌群的相对丰度。相关分析表明,速�Using Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology for ITS region of fungi,combined with NMDS,RDA and Mantel test analysis,the differences in the composition and diversity of rhizosphere soil fungi community of the different fertilization levels of no fertilization(0NP),low nitrogen and phosphorus(LNP)and high nitrogen and phosphorus(HNP)under the three cropping modes of Hulless barley monoculture(Q),pea monoculture(W)and hulless barley and pea mixed cropping(Q×W)were investigated,soil physiochemical properties and their correlation with the rhizosphere soil fungi community structure were also analyzed.The results show that soils are alkaline under the three cropping modes,and soil physicochemical properties are significantly different under different fertilization levels.A total of 18 fungal groups are detected under different treatments.Ascomycota(63.5%–78.5%),Mortierellaomycota(3.6%–14%)and Basidiomycota(1.1%–6.9%)are the common dominant groups.At the genus level,Penicillium and Mortierella have the highest relative abundance in the mixed rhizosphere soil of hulless barley and pea,which may be the main fungal communities driving the conversion of organic nitrogen and phosphorus into inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus in soil.Bipolaris,Blumeria,Fusarium and Cladosporium are the four potential pathogenic fungi genera with the highest abundance in soil fungal community,and the relative abundance in the rhizosphere soil of hulless barley and pea mixed cropping is lower than those of hulless barley and pea single cropping.There are significant differences in the relative abundance of the four potential pathogenic fungi under different fertilization levels in the mixed cropping mode.Under LNP and HNP levels,the indices of fungus richness(ACE,Chao1)and diversity(Shannon,Simpson)are lower in rhizosphere soil of mixed cropping mode than those of hulless barley monocrop,while the indices of fungus richness(ACE,Chao1)are significantly lower under mixed cropping mode than those of 0NP level.However,the diver

关 键 词：青稞豌豆混作根际土 非度量多维尺度分析(NMDS) 冗余分析(RDA) 曼特尔检验(Mantel test) 真菌群落结构 

分 类 号：S512.3[农业科学—作物学]