肇庆市老年人口健康水平的人居环境影响因素  

Health determination of the human settlement environment of the elderly population in Zhaoqing

作　　者：李宇珅 刘晔[1,3] 黄柏石 孙志涯 LI Yushen;LIU Ye;HUANG Baishi;SUN Zhiya(School of Geography and Planning,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510006,China;Urban planning and Architectural Engineering Department,Guiyang University,Guiyang 550005,China;Guangdong Key Laboratory for Urbanization and Geo-simulation/Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Public Security and Disaster,Guangzhou 510006,China;Zhaoqing Municipal Bureau of Statistics,Zhaoqing 526040,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广东广州510006 [2]贵阳学院城乡规划与建筑工程学院,贵州贵阳550005 [3]广东省公共安全与灾害工程技术研究中心/广东省城市化与地理环境空间模拟重点实验室,广东广州510006 [4]肇庆市统计局,广东肇庆526040

出　　处：《中山大学学报（自然科学版）（中英文）》2024年第1期45-55,共11页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42171196);肇庆市第七次全国人口普查项目(2021003)。

摘　　要：基于2020年肇庆市乡镇街道地理尺度的人口普查数据,运用描述性统计方法揭示肇庆市老年人口健康水平的群体差异和空间格局,采用Tobit回归模型识别影响老年人口健康水平的人居环境要素,并探讨了多维人居环境要素对老年人口健康水平可能存在的混杂影响。结果表明:1)肇庆市城镇老年人口的健康水平优于乡村,老年人口健康水平存在性别差异,70岁后呈现女性健康优势被男性反转的特征。2)老年人口的健康水平呈现东南高西北低的特征,在城区、城关镇、建制镇组成的城市内部空间结构中存在等级分异格局。3)PM_(2.5)和地区健康老人比例有显著的负相关关系,年均绿量对健康老人比例的影响并不显著,但却在乡村地区年均绿量可以缓解PM_(2.5)和健康老人比例的负相关关系,污染企业数量和区域贫困剥夺指标则会加剧PM_(2.5)对乡村健康老人比例的负向影响;优质的住房条件有助于提高健康老年人比例,医疗床位数、无主要收入来源、贫困剥夺、高龄对健康老人比例呈负向的预测作用。Based on the seventh national census data,this study utilizes descriptive statistical analysis and the Tobit regression model to depict the spatial pattern of townships and identify the factors regarding human settlement that affect the health of the elderly population in Zhaoqing,Guangdong Province.The results are as follows:1)The health level of the urban elderly population was better than that of rural areas in Zhaoqing.Moreover,the gap between urban and rural areas becomes more pronounced with age and the health advantage for women over men after the age of 70 has been reversed.2)The spatial characteristics of a healthy environment reveal the uneven distribution of environmental resources.There were noticeable spatial and urban-rural differences in the health level of the elderly population,generally showing a pattern of high in urban areas and low in urban areas.3)Air quality(PM_(2.5))has a significant negative correlation with the proportion of healthy elderly.Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)plays a positive role in regulating PM_(2.5) in rural areas,while the number of polluting enterprises and poverty deprivation aggravate the negative impact of PM_(2.5) on rural health elderly.Highquality housing conditions have a significant positive impact on the health status of the elderly;economic status without primary income and social deprivation negatively predicted the proportion of healthy elderly;the proportion of the senior elderly(>80 years)has a negative impact on the proportion of healthy elderly.Medical security has a positive impact on the health of the disabled elderly in rural areas.This study provides the theoretical basis and decision-making reference for Zhaoqing City to promote the construction of a livable environment for the elderly.

关 键 词：老年人口 健康水平 人居环境 人口普查 TOBIT回归模型 

分 类 号：K901.3[历史地理—人文地理学]