碳酸盐类矿物的土壤调理功能及在竹林培育中的应用  

Carbonate Minerals for Soil Amelioration and Their Application in Bamboo Forest Cultivation

作　　者：胡曼娜 何佳咏 刘锦程 宋杨杰 丁贤德 周春晖[1,2] HU Man-na;HE Jia-yong;LIU Jin-cheng;SONG Yang-jie;DING Xian-de;ZHOU Chun-hui(College of Chemical Engineering,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310014,Zhejiang,China;Qing Yang Institute for Industrial Minerals,Chizhou 242899,Anhui,China;China National Bamboo Research Center,Hangzhou 310012,Zhejiang,China;Qingyang County Longyue Mining Co.,Ltd.,Chizhou 242804,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学化学工程学院,浙江杭州310014 [2]青阳非金属矿研究院,安徽池州242899 [3]国家林业和草原局竹子研究开发中心,浙江杭州310012 [4]青阳县龙跃矿业有限公司,安徽池州242804

出　　处：《竹子学报》2023年第4期58-67,共10页Journal of Bamboo Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(22072136,41672033);浙江省非金属矿工程技术研究中心开放课题基金(ZD2023K01)。

摘　　要：由于白云石(碳酸钙镁)、石灰石(碳酸钙)矿物的元素组成、结构、表面反应性和环境友好性,近年来出现较多研究将其用于土壤调理、土壤固碳、竹林培育等方面。笔者综述了白云石、石灰石等碳酸盐类矿物及其加工后产品如生石灰、熟石灰在改良土壤、促进土壤固碳和优化竹林培育等方面的应用研究进展。白云石与酸化土壤中的氢离子(H^(+))的作用可以改良土壤酸化;白云石及其煅烧后产物中钙、镁成分在土壤中能作为植物的养分;白云石与土壤中有机物质作用,促进土壤有机质的转化,增加有机质含量促进土壤固碳;白云石可降低土壤中H^(+)浓度以避免H^(+)与重金属离子(如Cd^(2+)、Pb^(2+)、Cr^(2+)等)产生交换吸附作用,缓解土壤重金属污染;白云石作为土壤调理剂可丰富土壤中的钙元素及微量元素,促进竹子生长。碳酸钙添加到化肥中有利于竹蔸、大樱桃(Prunus pseudocerasus)、苹果树(Malus pumila)等植株的生长,还能控制土壤重金属的价态变化;白云石煅烧后产物熟石灰[Ca(OH)_(2)]可以与土壤中的H^(+)结合生成弱酸性的盐,降低竹林土壤中交换性酸(H^(+))含量;并且Ca(OH)_(2)能使Cd^(2+)、Pb^(2+)等重金属离子沉淀,缓解有效态重金属元素对土壤的污染。最后分析了白云石、石灰石矿物研究和用于土壤调理、土壤固碳、竹林培育等方面的不足,讨论了今后碳酸盐类矿物及其加工产物用于土壤调理、土壤固碳、竹林培育等重点要解决的问题和应用技术开发方向。Due to the elemental composition,structure,surface reactivity and environmental friendliness of dolomite(calcium carbonate magnesium)and limestone(calcium carbonate)minerals,there have been many studies in recent years to use them in soil conditioning,soil carbon sequestration,bamboo forest cultivation and so on.This paper reviews the application of carbonate minerals such as dolomite and limestone as well as their processed products such as quicklime and slaked lime in improving soil,promoting soil carbon sequestration and optimizing bamboo forest cultivation.The interaction of dolomite with hydrogen ions(H^(+))in acidified soil was used to improve soil acidification.Calcium and magnesium in dolomite and its calcined products was used as plant nutrients in soil.Dolomite interacts with organic matter in soil to promote the transformation of soil organic matter and increase the content of organic matter to promote soil carbon sequestration.Dolomite reduces the concentration of H^(+)in soil to avoid exchange and adsorption between H^(+)and heavy metal ions(such as Cd^(2+),Pb^(2+),Cr^(2+),etc.),and alleviates heavy metal pollution in soil.Dolomite,as a soil conditioner,enriches the calcium and traces elements in the soil and promotes the growth of bamboo.Adding calcium carbonate to fertilizer is beneficial to the growth of bamboo stump,Prunus pseudocerasus,Malus pumila,etc.,and the better control of soil heavy metals valence.Meanwhile,the hydrated lime[Ca(OH)_(2)]produced by calcination of dolomite combine with H^(+)in soil to form weakly acidic salt and reduce the content of exchangeable acid(H^(+))in bamboo soil.In addition,Ca(OH)_(2)precipitates metal ions such as Cd^(2+)and Pb^(2+),and alleviates the pollution of soil by effective heavy metal elements.Finally,the deficiencies in the research of dolomite and limestone minerals and application in soil conditioning,soil carbon sequestration and bamboo forest cultivation were analyzed,and the key problems and application technology development directions of carbonat

关 键 词：白云石 碳酸钙 生石灰 改良土壤 土壤固碳 竹林培育 

分 类 号：S795[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S714.6[农业科学—林学]