填埋场渗漏磁法检测的噪声来源与剔噪方法综述  

A review of geomagnetic noise sources and denoising methods for landfill sites

作　　者：能昌信[1,2] 贾兆志 刘宽 孙新宇 钱璨 刘玉强[2] 姚光远 徐亚[2] NAI Changxin;JIA Zhaozhi;LIU Kuan;SUN Xinyu;QIAN Can;LIU Yuqiang;YAO Guangyuan;XU Ya(School of Information and Electronic Engineering,Shandong Technology and Business University;Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences;Zhangjiakou Ecological Environment Monitoring Center,Hebei Province)

机构地区：[1]山东工商学院信息与电子工程学院 [2]中国环境科学研究院 [3]河北省张家口生态环境监测中心

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2024年第1期158-163,共6页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC1806304,2018YFC1800902);国家自然科学基金项目(51708529);江苏省产学研合作项目(BY2021529)。

摘　　要：填埋是固体废物集中处置的主要手段,填埋场则是固体废物对地下水环境影响集中发生的场所。通过防渗层HDPE膜漏洞的渗漏是导致地下水污染的主要途径和方式,开展防渗层渗漏快速检测和精准定位具有重要意义。传统电学渗漏检测难以检测双层衬垫或多层衬垫系统的下层衬垫破损,基于传统电法改进的电磁方法展现出下层衬垫检测的潜力,但迫切需要解决填埋场复杂服役人文环境和地球磁场环境下的电磁噪声干扰问题。为此,通过对磁法检测原理和信号特征的深入分析,以及对背景磁噪声类型、来源、特征和电磁噪声去噪方法的综述,得出如下结论:在特定条件下,漏洞越近,其磁场信号越强;填埋场噪声主要来源于地磁和人文磁场,且不同噪声有不同特征,需不同处理;去噪过程先预处理排除干扰,其次在检测中选择适宜的滤波或测量法去除噪声。Landfills are the primary means of centralized solid waste disposal,and it is also the place where the environmental impact of solid wastes on groundwater is concentrated.The leakage of HDPE membrane of the impermeable layer is the main way to lead to groundwater pollution.It is of great significance to carry out the rapid detection and accurate positioning of the leakage of the impermeable layer.The traditional electrical leakage method is difficult to detect the damage of the lower liner of the double-layer or multilayer liner system.The improved electromagnetic method based on the traditional electrical method shows the potential of detecting the lower liner.However,it is urgent to solve the problem of electromagnetic noise interference in the complex service and human environment of the landfill site and the earth's magnetic field environment.The in-depth analysis of the magnetic detection principle and signal characteristics,as well as the overview of the background magnetic noise types,sources,characteristics and electromagnetic noise denoising methods,was thus performed.It is concluded that under specific conditions,the closer the loophole is,the stronger its magnetic field signal is;the landfill noise is mainly derived from the geomagnetic and humanities magnetic fields,and different noises have different characteristics and require different processing;the denoising process is first pre-processed to exclude interference,followed by the selection of appropriate filtering or measurement method to remove noise in the detection.

关 键 词：填埋场防渗层 渗漏检测 磁法 电磁噪声 噪声来源 去噪 

分 类 号：X827[环境科学与工程—环境工程]