湖南省水源水中军团菌污染状况调查  

Contamination status of Legionella in source water in Hunan Province

作　　者：胡春生[1] 张雪冰 胡向科 高琼[1] 李谞[1] 陈文胜[1] 陈万慧[1] 黄葳[1] 李孝君 HU Chunsheng;ZHANG Xuebing;HU Xiangke;GAO Qiong;LI Xu;CHEN Wensheng;CHEN Wanhui;HUANG Wei;LI Xiaojun(Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changsha,Hunan 410005,China;School of Public Health,University of South China,Hengyang,Hunan 421001,China;Hunan Provincial Health Commission,Changsha,Hunan 410005,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省疾病预防控制中心,湖南长沙410005 [2]南华大学公共卫生学院,湖南衡阳421001 [3]湖南省卫生健康委员会,湖南长沙410005

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2023年第12期1436-1439,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：湖南省卫生健康委员会科研计划课题(20200219)。

摘　　要：目的调查了解湖南省水源水中军团菌的污染状况,为军团菌病防治提供基础数据。方法选取湖南省湘江、资江、沅江、澧水四大水系分层布点,分别采集若干份水源水水样,同期,采集集中空调冷却水。水样送实验室后根据《公共场所卫生检验方法第五部分:集中空调通风系统》(GB/T 18204.5-2013)进行军团菌分离培养与鉴定,用血清凝集法进行血清学分型。结果四大水系26个区县共采集水源水102份,每份水样500 ml,其中湘江水系32份、资江水系33份、沅江水系24份、澧水水系13份,涵盖43个小型水厂、33个中型水厂、26个大型水厂。水样经分离培养鉴定,均未检测出军团菌。同期采集空调冷却水19份,军团菌检出率为26.3%(5/19),经鉴定LP1型3例,LP2型2例。结论湖南省四大水系水源水中均未检测到军团菌,人工水环境中军团菌来源于水源水的可能性较低。Objective To survey the contamination status of Legionella in source water in Hunan Province so as to provide fundamental data for prevention and management of Legionella-related ailments.Methods Water specimens were gathered at stratified sampling points in the Xiangjiang River,the Zijiang River,the Yuanjiang River and the Lishui River in Hunan Province.Simultaneously,cooling water specimens were collected from central air conditioning system.Following transportation of the water samples to the laboratory,Legionella bacteria were isolated,cultured and identified according to GB/T 18204.5-2013“Hygienic Inspection Methods for Public Spaces,Part V:Central Air Conditioning and Ventilation System”.In addition,the serum agglutination test was performed for serotyping of the bacteria.Results A total of 102 source water specimens were collected from 26 districts and counties around the four major river systems,with each water specimen being a volume of 500 ml.Among them,32 specimens were collected from the Xiangjiang water system,33 ones from the Zijiang water system,24 ones from the Yuanjiang water system,and 13 ones from the Lishui water system,encompassing 43 small-scale water plants,33 medium-scale water plants,and 26 large-scale water plants.Following the process of isolation,cultivation and identification,no Legionella bacteria were detected in the source water specimens.Among 19 cooling water specimens collected from central air conditioning system at the same period,the detection rate of Legionella bacteria was 26.3%(5/19),with 3 cases identified as Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1(Lp1)and 2 cases as Legionella pneumophila serogroup 2(Lp2).Conclusion Legionella bacteria were not detected in the source water from the four major water systems in Hunan Province.The likelihood of Legionella bacteria in the artificial water originating from the source water environment is minimal.

关 键 词：水源水 军团菌 污染 

分 类 号：R123.5[医药卫生—环境卫生学]