《战争与和平》的“荷马问题”以及古典主义诗学问题  

The“Homeric Problem”and the Issue of Classical Poetics in War and Peace

作　　者：李正荣[1] Li Zhengrong

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学

出　　处：《俄罗斯文艺》2024年第1期4-19,共16页Russian Literature & Arts

摘　　要：《战争与和平》的“荷马问题”是指列夫·托尔斯泰在《战争与和平》的创作中体现出来的“荷马式”的诗学问题。“《战争与和平》的荷马问题”不是经典“荷马问题”,但是,在了解经典“荷马问题”的条件下,对研究《战争与和平》的荷马式诗学有很大补益,因为托尔斯泰是在俄罗斯19世纪古典学背景下接受荷马史诗的。作为贵族,托尔斯泰从童年就已经接触荷马史诗和荷马史诗的衍生品,而作为作家,托尔斯泰在1857年“读荷马”过程中所被引发的震撼则是诗学上的领悟,进而在创作《战争与和平》的过程中,托尔斯泰一直在思考创造一种与《奥德赛》《伊利亚特》比肩的“小说家的诗”。The“Homeric Problem”in War and Peace refers to the“Homeric”poetic problem refected in Leo Tolstoy's War and Peace.The“Homeric Problem in War and Peace”is not a classic“Homeric Problem”.However,understanding the classical“Homeric Problem”is of great benefit to the study of Homeric poetics in War and Peace,as Tolstoy accepted Homeric epics in the context of Russian classical studies in the 19th century.Tolstoy,as an aristocrat,had been exposed to Homeric epics and their derivatives since childhood.As a writer,Tolstoy's shock caused by his“reading Homer”in 1857 was a poetic insight,and in the process of creating War and Peace,Tolstoy had been contemplating creating a kind of“novelist's poems”comparable to Odyssey and Iliad.

关 键 词：《战争与和平》 托尔斯泰 荷马 《伊利亚特》 诗学 

分 类 号：I512.074[文学—其他各国文学]