输电线路用聚烯烃绝缘子的憎水迁移性能  

Hydrophobicity Transfer Properties of Polyolefin Insulators in Transmission Lines

作　　者：郭学文 汪开瑞 曹斌 全一武[2] 严姗芝 GUO Xuewen;WANG Kairui;CAO Bin;QUAN Yiwu;YAN Shanzhi(Center of Modern Analysis,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Material and Technology of Ministry of Education,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;Jiangsu Jinsanli Power Equipment Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 211164,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学现代分析中心,南京210023 [2]南京大学化学化工学院高性能高分子材料与技术教育部重点实验室,南京210023 [3]江苏金三力电力器材实业有限公司,南京211164

出　　处：《高电压技术》2023年第12期4911-4918,共8页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：江苏省重点研发计划(产业前瞻与关键核心技术)(BE2021087)。

摘　　要：聚烯烃绝缘子具有优异的电性能、憎水、机械强度和刚性等优点,但其憎水迁移性能和耐漏电起痕是研究难点。通过长链脂肪胺与全氟烷基丙烯酸酯加成反应,合成了一种新型的含氟固态憎水剂,研究其对聚烯烃材料的憎水迁移性、耐漏电起痕、机械强度等性能影响。结果表明:添加质量分数1%憎水剂后,样品表面可富集含氟化合物,在不影响绝缘、机械强度和耐漏电起痕性能(1A4.5级)的前提下,提高了改性样品的憎水迁移性能。在标准污层下憎水迁移96 h,表面水接触角由71.7°增长到90.7°,水中浸泡96 h后的接触角保持在100°以上。进一步研究发现含氟憎水剂还具有延长结冰时间和降低覆冰粘附力的效果。该研究为新型聚烯烃绝缘子的输电线路可靠应用提供了理论和技术支持。Polyolefin insulators have the advantages of excellent electrical performance,hydrophobicity,mechanical strength,as well as rigidity,however,their hydrophobicity transfer and resistance to tracking and erosion are difficult to develop.Therefore,we synthesized a novel fluorine-containing solid hydrophobic agent by the addition reaction of long-chain aliphatic amine and perfluoroalkyl acrylate,and studied its effects on hydrophobicity transfer,resistance to electric tacking and erosion,mechanical strength and other properties of polyolefin materials.The results show that the fluorinated compound is enriched on the sample surface after adding 1%hydrophobic agent.On the premise of maintain-ing insulation,mechanical strength and resistance to electric tacking and erosion(1A4.5),the modified sample shows an improved hydrophobicity transfer performance.Under the standard pollution layer,the water contact angle increases from 71.7°to 90.7°after the transfer time of 96 h.The contact angle remains above 100°even after 96 h of immersion in water.Further study reveals that the fluorine-containing hydrophobic agent also plays a role in delaying icing and reducing the ice coating adhesion.The results provide theoretical and technical supports for the reliable application of novel polyolefin insulators in transmission lines.

关 键 词：绝缘子 聚烯烃 憎水迁移性 耐漏电起痕 含氟化合物 

分 类 号：TM216[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]