基于振动信号的交流接触器触头系统退化阶段划分  

Degradation Phase Division of AC Contactor Contact System Based on Vibration Signal

作　　者：刘树鑫[1] 周柱 刘洋[1] 曹云东[1] 蒋幸伟 李静[1] LIU Shuxin;ZHOU Zhu;LIU Yang;CAO Yundong;JIANG Xingwei;LI Jing(Key Laboratory of Special Electric Machines and High Voltage Apparatus in the Ministry of Education,Shenyang University of Technology,Shenyang 110870,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳工业大学教育部特种电机与高压电器重点实验室,沈阳110870

出　　处：《高电压技术》2023年第12期4971-4981,共11页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：辽宁省科技重大专项(2020JH1/10100012);辽宁省教育厅项目(LJGD2020001);沈阳中青年科技创新人才计划(RC210354)。

摘　　要：针对交流接触器触头系统退化过程中振动信号冗余度高且退化阶段划分准确度低的问题,提出了一种基于斯皮尔曼等级相关系数(Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient,SRCC)和C均值模糊聚类(fuzzy C-means clustering,FCM)的触头系统退化阶段划分方法。首先,通过交流接触器全寿命试验获取触头系统整个生命周期上的分合闸阶段振动信号,从中提取反应触头退化状态的时域以及频域特征;其次,利用SRCC与主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)进行特征选择与降维,构建性能退化指标;再次,引入无监督学习(unsupervisedlearning,UL)FCM算法作为理论依据,对触头系统退化过程进行2至5个退化阶段划分;最后选用轮廓系数(silhouette coeffcient,SC)、卡林斯基-哈拉巴斯分数(Calinski Harabasz score,CHS)和戴维森堡丁指数(Dacies Bouldin score,DBI)对聚类效果进行内部评价,并采用5种有监督分类器进行该方法准确性验证。结果显示,触头系统划分为3个退化阶段时内部评价最优,同时5种分类器对3个退化阶段识别平均准确率可达95.54%,退化阶段划分最为合理。该研究所提出的方法有效解决了信号冗余与阶段划分准确率低的问题,精确地实现交流接触器触头系统退化阶段的划分。The problems of high redundancy of vibration signal and low accuracy of classification in the degradation stage exist in AC contactor contact system degradation,therefore,a method based on Spearman's rank correlation coefficient(SRCC)and fuzzy C-means clustering(FCM)is proposed to divide the degradation phase of the contact system.Firstly,the vibration signals of the opening and closing stages of the contact system throughout the life cycle are obtained through the full life test of the AC contactor,and the time domain and frequency domain characteristics reflecting the degradation state of the contacts are extracted from the results.Secondly,SRCC and principal component analysis are used to select feature and reduce feature dimensionality,and to construct performance degradation indicators.Thirdly,unsupervised learning(UL)FCM is introduced as a theoretical basis for dividing the contact system into 2 to 5 degradation stages.Fi-nally,silhouette coefficient(SC),Calinski Harabasz score(CHS)and Dacies Bouldin index(DBI)are selected to evaluate the clustering effect internally,and five supervised classifiers are used to verify the accuracy of this method.The results show that the internal evaluation is the best when the contact system is divided into three degradation stages,the average recognition accuracy of five classifiers for the three degradation stages can reach 95.54%,and the degradation stage divi-sion is the most reasonable.The proposed method can be adopted to effectively solve the problem of signal redundancy and low accuracy of phase division,which can accurately realize the division of degradation phase of AC contactor con-tact system.

关 键 词：交流接触器 振动信号 斯皮尔曼等级相关系数 FCM聚类 退化状态 阶段划分 

分 类 号：TM572.2[电气工程—电器]