微观定向骨架结构Cu-W复合材料触头的抗动熔焊性能  

Anti-dynamic Fusion Welding Performance of Cu-W Composite Contacts of Micro-directional Skeleton Structure

作　　者：韩颖[1] 王楠[1] 吴世齐 彭世东 侯春光[1] 安跃军[1] HAN Ying;WANG Nan;WU Shiqi;PENG Shidong;HOU Chunguang;AN Yuejun(Key Lab of Special Electric Machine and High Voltage Apparatus,Shenyang University of Technology,Shenyang 110870,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳工业大学特种电机与高压电器教育部重点实验室,沈阳110870

出　　处：《高电压技术》2023年第12期5011-5021,共11页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：沈阳市重点技术攻关“揭榜挂帅”项目(22-316-1-02);辽宁省“揭榜挂帅”科技重大专项项目(2022JH1/10400038,2022JH1/10400045)。

摘　　要：触头闭合过程中回跳电弧的侵蚀会增加触头熔焊概率,甚至严重缩短接触器的使用寿命。为设计新型性能优良电接触材料,提高触头抗熔焊性能,首先设计了四边形、六边形、菱形十二面体3种微观定向骨架结构的Cu-W复合材料触头。然后基于磁流体动力学模型考虑电弧与阳极的能量传递建立了3维触头熔池模型,研究了触头阳极受电弧热力侵蚀过程,分析了触头表面的温度分布、熔池形貌,并进行了熔焊力预计。结果显示:微观定向骨架结构Cu-W复合材料触头受电弧侵蚀后,温度更低,形成的熔池体积更小,触头形变更小,与无序分布Cu-W复合材料触头相比展现出更好的抗电弧侵蚀能力。仿真与实验均表明,微观定向W骨架结构能够提升触头的导电、导热性能,降低强度,从而增强Cu-W复合材料触头的抗动熔焊性能。The erosion of rebound arc during the contact closing process will increase the probability of contact fusion welding and even shorten the service life of the contactor significantly.In order to design a new electrical contact material with good performance and improve the resistance of the contact fusion welding,firstly,we designed three kinds of Cu-W composite contacts with micro-oriented skeleton structures,namely quadrilateral,hexagonal and rhombic dodecahedron.Then,the energy transfer between the arc and the anode was taken into consideration,and a three-dimensional contact pool model was established based on the magnetohydrodynamic model.The contact anode was simulated to be eroded by the thermal action of the arc.The temperature distribution on the contact surface and the pool morphology were calculated,and the welding force was predicted.The results show that,compared with Cu-W composite contacts with disordered skeleton,the contact temperature of Cu-W composite contacts with micro-oriented skeleton structure is lower,the volume of molten pool formed and the contact deformation are smaller,which shows better resistance to arc erosion.The simula-tion and experimental results indicate that micro-oriented W skeleton structure can improve the electrical and thermal conductivity of contacts,reduce strength,and thus improve the anti-moving welding performance of Cu-W composite contacts.

关 键 词：回跳电弧 Cu-W复合材料 微观骨架结构 电弧侵蚀 抗动熔焊 

分 类 号：TM503.5[电气工程—电器]