俄罗斯在北极军事安全方面的战略调整及中国的应对  

Russia’s Strategic Adjustment in Arctic Military Security and China’s Response

作　　者：李文杰 吴竞超 LI Wen-jie;WU Jing-chao(Law School,University of International Relations,Beijing 100091,China;Institute of Marine Development Strategy,Ministry of Natural Resources of People’s Republic of China,Beijing 100161,China)

机构地区：[1]国际关系学院法学院,北京100091 [2]中华人民共和国自然资源部海洋发展战略研究所,北京100161

出　　处：《辽东学院学报（社会科学版）》2023年第5期31-40,共10页Journal of Liaodong University：Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“海上平时军事活动的管辖权问题研究”(20CFX081)。

摘　　要：全球气候变暖在北极地区引发了诸多问题。在该地区安全尚无有效治理机制的情况下,以美国为首的北约国家在北极地区不断挑衅扩张,在此压力下,俄罗斯于2020年更新了其北极国家战略并以此作为未来行动的指导纲领。俄罗斯的北极新战略更加重视“安全”问题:设置专门篇章予以规定,在军事安全上表现出对抗性;近年来在北极地区不断加强防御措施、提升作战能力、完善综合控制体系、更新建造基础设施。对此,北约及相关北极国家也作出了强烈反应,相关国家不仅也更新其北极战略文件,而且在军事行动上呈现联合态势。中国作为北极事务的重要利益攸关方,对于北极涉俄罗斯相关问题,可以通过加强与俄罗斯及相关北极国家间的合作、捍卫以《联合国海洋法公约》为首的规则体系、利用气候变化等契机促进区域内外的合作的方式予以应对。Global warming has caused many problems in the Arctic region.In the absence of effective governance mechanisms for security in the region,the US-led NATO has continued to provoke expansion in the Arctic region.Under this pressure,Russia updated its Arctic national strategy in 2020 and used it as a guiding program for future actions.Russia’s new strategy pays more attention to the issue of“security”,and sets up a special chapter to stipulate it,especially in the military security.In recent years,Russia has continuously strengthened its defense measures,improved its combat capabilities and comprehensive control system as well as updated its infrastructure in the Arctic region.In this regard,NATO and relevant Arctic countries have also responded strongly.Relevant countries have not only updated their strategic documents,but also shown a joint trend in military operations.As an important stakeholder in Arctic affairs,China should strengthen cooperation with Russia and relevant Arctic countries on issues related to Russia in the Arctic,and defend the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea,and use opportunities such as climate change to promote cooperation within and outside the region.

关 键 词：俄罗斯 北极战略 军事安全 气候变化 美国因素 安全治理机制 中国 

分 类 号：D851.2[政治法律—政治学]