多层金属复合材料的应变局部化延迟和抗断裂失稳机理  

Strain Delocalization and Fracture Stability of Multilayered Metallic Composites

作　　者：刘宝玺 郑士建 林曾孟 殷福星[1,2] LIU Baoxi;ZHENG Shijian;LIN Zengmeng;YIN Fuxing(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Materials Laminating Fabrication and Interface Control Technology,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300130,China;Institute of New Materials,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510651,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学材料科学与工程学院,天津市材料层状复合与界面控制重点实验室,天津300130 [2]广东省科学院新材料研究所,广东广州510651

出　　处：《中国材料进展》2024年第1期35-45,11,共12页Materials China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(U23Z202349);河北省自然科学基金面上项目(E2023202233)。

摘　　要：多层金属复合材料在航天航空、汽车、船舶、核能电力领域中起着非常重要的作用。相比于传统单一金属,多层金属复合材料具有超高的塑性变形能力和断裂韧性。综述了多层金属复合材料在塑性变形过程中的应变局域化延迟和抗断裂失稳的特征和机理,归纳出周期性颈缩、脱层断裂、隧道裂纹、弥散剪切带对抑制多层金属复合材料塑性失稳的作用机理,并阐明脱层断裂、裂纹分叉、隧道裂纹对多层金属复合材料的增韧机理,和对韧脆转变行为的作用规律,可为金属材料强韧化提供新的设计思路和技术支撑。Multilayered metallic composites play a very important role in the aerospace,automobile,shipbuilding and nuclear power fields.Compared with traditional monolithic metals,multilayered metallic composites have superhigh plastic deformation capability and fracture toughness.This paper provides a review on strain delocalization and fracture instability delaying characteristics and mechanisms,and summarizes the effect of periodic multiple necking,delamination cracks,multiple tunnel cracks and dispersed shear bands on suppressing plastic instability of multilayered metallic composites.Meanwhile,this review elucidates the toughening mechanism and ductile-brittle transition behavior of multilayered metallic composites by delamination cracks,crack bifurcation and tunnel crack modes,which can provide the new design idea and technique support for the strengthening-toughening of metals.

关 键 词：多层金属复合材料 应变退局域化 强韧化 周期性颈缩 隧道裂纹 脱层断裂 

分 类 号：TB383[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]