甲酰氨基嘧磺隆·甲基碘磺隆对夏玉米田杂草防除效果及其对产量的影响  

Effects of formamidosulfuron·methyliodosulfuron on weed control and yield in summer maize field

作　　者：黄薇 李林 金利容 袁斌 朱文达 万鹏 HUANG Wei;LI Lin;JIN Li-rong;YUAN Bin;ZHU Wen-da;WAN Peng(Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Central China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Hubei Key Laboratory of Crop Disease,Insect Pests and Weeds Control,Wuhan 430064,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北农业科学院植保土肥研究所/农业农村部华中作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室/农作物重大病虫草害防控湖北省重点实验室,武汉430064

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2023年第12期85-88,93,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103027);农业农村部华中作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室开放课题(2020ZTSJJ2)。

摘　　要：设32%甲酰氨基嘧磺隆·甲基碘磺隆钠盐水分散粒剂14.4、22.8、31.2、45.6 g(a.i)/hm^(2)4个剂量,以30%甲酰氨基嘧磺隆水分散粒剂30 g(a.i)/hm^(2)为对照药剂,并设人工除草及空白对照,研究32%甲酰氨基嘧磺隆·甲基碘磺隆钠盐水分散粒剂对夏玉米田杂草防除效果及其对夏玉米产量的影响。在夏玉米播种后22 d、杂草2~6叶期进行茎叶喷药处理。于药后20、40、60 d分别监测杂草种群数量,同时取样分析杂草对养分的累积情况,并于夏玉米收获后进行测产。结果表明,施用32%甲酰氨基嘧磺隆·甲基碘磺隆钠盐水分散粒剂14.4~45.6 g(a.i)/hm^(2)对试验夏玉米田一年生杂草稗草[Echinochloa crusgalli(L.)Beauv]、马唐[Digitaria sanguinalis(L.)Scop]、旱莲草(Eclipta prostrata L.)、马齿苋(Portulaca oleracea L.)表现出较好的防除效果,药后60 d对稗草、马唐、旱莲草、马齿苋的株防效为79.82%~95.35%,对稗草、马唐、旱莲草、马齿苋的鲜重防效为81.75%~96.76%,与对照药剂30%甲酰氨基嘧磺隆水分散粒剂30 g(a.i)/hm^(2)对以上杂草的防效相当,供试药剂各处理对夏玉米的增产效果达20.70%~25.10%,显著优于空白对照和人工处理。32%甲酰氨基嘧磺隆·甲基碘磺隆钠盐水分散粒剂在使用过程中未发现药害,也未发现人畜中毒,对环境友好。Four doses of 32%formamidosulfuron·methyliodosulfuron sodium saline dispersion granules 14.4,22.8,31.2,45.6 g(a.i)/hm^(2) were set,30%formamidosulfuron aqueous dispersion granules 30 g(a.i)/hm^(2) were used as control agents,and manual weed control and blank control were set.The effect of 32%formamidosulfuron·methyliodosulfuron sodium saline dispersion granule on weed control in the summer maize field and its effect on summer maize yield were studied.The weed’s stems and leaves were sprayed during 2~6 leaves after 22 days in maize sowing.Four kinds of weed populations were monitored on 20,40 and 60 days after spray treatment,the nutrient accumulation of weeds was analyzed at the same time,and yield was measured after summer maize harvesting.The results showed that the application of 32%formamidosulfuron·methyliodosulfuron sodium saline dispersion granule at 14.4~45.6 g(a.i)/hm^(2) showed good control effects on annual weeds,such as Echinochloa crusgalli,Digitaria sanguinalis,Eclipta prostrata and Portulaca ol⁃eracea.After 60 days,the density control effects ranged from 79.82%to 95.35%on Echinochloa crusgalli,Digitaria sanguinalis,Eclipta prostrata and Portulaca oleracea,and the fresh weight control effects ranged from 81.75%to 96.76%,which was similar to that of the control agent of 30%formylcarbamsulfuron aqueous dispersion granule 30 g(a.i)/hm^(2).The effect of each treatment on increasing the yield of summer maize was 20.70%~25.10%,which was significantly better than manual weeding and blank control.In the process of using 32%formylaminosulfuron and methyliodosulfuron sodium saline dispersion granules,no pesticide damage or toxication of hu⁃man and livestock was found,and it was friendly to the environment.

关 键 词：甲酰氨基嘧磺隆·甲基碘磺隆 一年生杂草 防效 夏玉米 产量 

分 类 号：S451.222[农业科学—植物保护]