微波辅助低共熔溶剂提取葡萄果渣中原花青素及其稳定性研究  

Study on the microwave-assisted extraction of procyanidins from grape fruit residue with low eutectic solvent and its stability

作　　者：付佳乐[1] 耿直[1] 陈革豫 FU Jia-le;GENG Zhi;CHEN Ge-yu(School of Medicine,Shaanxi Institute of International Trade&Commerce,Xi’an 712046,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西国际商贸学院医药学院,西安712046

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2023年第12期145-150,共6页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：陕西省中药管理局课题(2021-ZZ-ZY-007)。

摘　　要：以葡萄果渣为原料,以低共熔溶剂的种类、微波功率、摩尔比、液固比为考察因素,以原花青素提取率为评价指标,采用微波辅助低共熔溶剂正交优化葡萄果渣中原花青素的提取工艺,并对提取得到的原花青素进行稳定性考察。结果表明,采用微波功率420 W、提取时间40 s、提取温度40℃、液固比40∶1,摩尔比1∶2的氯化胆碱/丙三醇作提取剂,提取率可达19.57%。原花青素在pH≤2条件下较为稳定,保留率达85%以上;原花青素在4℃放置5 h后的保留率在80%以上,但随着温度升高保留率下降;氧化剂(H2O2)使原花青素保留率在2 h后发生明显下降,为90%以下,且随着氧化剂浓度的升高下降趋势更加明显;还原剂(维生素C)则对原花青素起到保护作用,维生素C浓度在0.32 g/L以下时,其保留率在3 h内仍维持在80%以上;金属离子除Zn2+外,对原花青素均具有一定的破坏,Zn2+使原花青素保留率维持在80%左右;日光照射5 h后,原花青素保留率降低到60%,但避光保存的原花青素保留率为80%。Taking the grape fruit residue as raw material,the type of low eutectic solvent,microwave power,molar ratio and liquid to solid ratio as investigation factors,and the extraction rate of procyanidins as evaluation index,the microwave-assisted eutectic solvent was used to optimize the extraction process of procyanidins from grape fruit residue,and the stability of the extracted procyanidins was investigated.The results showed that under the condition of microwave power 420 W,extraction time 40 s,extraction temperature 40℃,liquid to solid ratio 40∶1,and choline chloride/glycerin at molar ratio 1∶2 as extraction agent,the extraction yield reached 19.57%.Procyanidins were stable at pH≤2,with a retention rate of more than 85%;the retention rate of procyanidins was more than 80%after 5 h at 4℃,but the retention rate decreased with the temperature increased;the retention rate of procyanidins decreased sig⁃nificantly to below 90%after 2 h due to the oxidant(H2O2),and the decrease trend was more obvious with the increase of oxidant con⁃centration;reducing agent(vitamin C)had a protective effect on procyanidins.When the concentration below was 0.32 g/L,its reten⁃tion rate was more than 80%in 3 h;metal ions could destroy procyanidins except Zn2+,and Zn2+could maintain the retention rate of procyanidins at about 80%;after fluorescent lamp irradiation for 5 h,the retention rate of procyanidins decreased to 60%,but the re⁃tention rate of procyanidins stored under dark light was 80%.

关 键 词：低共熔溶剂 原花青素 提取工艺 稳定性 

分 类 号：R284.2[医药卫生—中药学]