炸药性能对爆破地震波传播与能量衰减规律影响研究  

Study on the effect of explosive properties on blasting seismic wave propagation and energy attenuation law

作　　者：谭铭 TAN Ming(Wulongquan Corporation Limited,WISCO Resources Group,Wuhan 430213,China)

机构地区：[1]武钢资源集团乌龙泉矿业有限公司,湖北武汉430213

出　　处：《中国矿业》2024年第1期193-199,共7页China Mining Magazine

摘　　要：为探究炸药性能对爆破地震波传播与能量衰减规律的影响,以便更好地控制爆破振动,提高炸药能量利用率,开展了岩石粉状乳化炸药、改性铵油炸药两种不同性能炸药条件下爆破振动对比试验。结合某露天矿现场采集的爆破振动相关数据,从爆破振动峰值质点速度及爆破地震波能量两个角度,利用萨道夫斯基公式及小波包分析方法对比分析了岩石粉状乳化炸药、改性铵油炸药两种不同性能炸药条件下爆破地震波传播及能量衰减规律。结果表明:在同一岩石介质中,两种炸药所产生的爆破振动峰值质点速度及爆破地震波能量衰减系数均相差不大;波阻抗较高的岩石粉状乳化炸药所产生的爆破振动峰值质点速度相对较低,爆破地震波能量相对较高;两种性能炸药总能量转化为爆破振动能量的百分比分别为6.701%、5.079%,高性能的岩石粉状乳化炸药能量利用率相对较低。研究结果对矿山生产爆破炸药选型具有一定的指导意义,丰富了工程实践中的降振手段及途径。In order to explore the effect of explosive properties on blasting seismic wave propagation and energy attenuation law,so as to better control the blasting vibration and improve the energy utilization rate of explosive.Combined with the blasting vibration related data collected at the site of an open-pit mine,from the two perspectives of peak particle velocity of blasting vibration and energy of blasting seismic wave,blasting seismic wave propagation and energy attenuation law under the conditions of rock powdered emulsion explosive and modified ammonium oil explosive are compared and analyzed by using the Sadovsky Formula and wavelet packet analysis method.The results show that in the same rock medium,the peak particle velocity of blasting vibration and the attenuation coefficient of energy of blasting seismic wave generated by the two explosives are not much different.The peak particle velocity of blasting vibration produced by rock powdered emulsion explosives with high wave impedance is relatively low,and the energy of blasting seismic waves is relatively high.The percentages of total energy converted into blasting vibration energy of the two performance explosives are 6.701%and 5.079%,respectively,and the energy utilization rate of high-performance rock powdered emulsion explosives is relatively low.The research results have certain guiding significance for the selection of blasting explosives in mine production,and enrich the means and methods of vibration reduction in engineering practice.

关 键 词：爆破振动 炸药性能 能量衰减 能量转化百分比 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]