司法裁判援引法律学说说理的澳门实践  

Judicial Practice in Macao:Reinforcing Reasoning with Legal Doctrine

作　　者：张强 Zhang Qiang

机构地区：[1]广州大学法学院

出　　处：《港澳研究》2023年第4期14-27,93,共15页Hong Kong and Macao Journal

基　　金：研究阐释党的二十大精神国家社科基金重大项目“完善特别行政区司法制度和法律体系研究”(23ZDA121)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：援引法律学说是司法裁判加强说理的重要手段。基于历史与现实的原因,经常援引法律学说的中国澳门特别行政区成为典型案例。实证研究表明,中国澳门司法裁判交织着忽视中文学说、葡萄牙学说说服力不足、学说援引范围不清晰以及内容冗长与失焦的缺陷。透过对现象的分析可将其归结于规范不完善、传统的路径依赖、法学学术共同体发展不彰以及涉中国澳门法律学说供给不足。从本体论的角度而言,法律学说在中国澳门并非狭义上的法律渊源,但可提供立法背景、理由来源与理论渊源,发挥了理解原意、弥补漏洞、增强权威的功能。因此,司法裁判在援引时应当遵循正当性、必要性与可接受性原则。基于法律本地化概念的发展,中国澳门司法裁判援引法律学说应当在制度完善、文化培养、体系更新三个方面予以优化,从而促进粤港澳大湾区的交流与对话,提升区域法治乃至涉外法治的水平。Quoting legal doctrine is an important means to justify judicial judgments.Due to historical and realistic reasons,the Macao Special Administrative Region(SAR)often cites legal doctrine and it is a typical case in this regard.Empirical research shows that Macao’s judicial judgments are flawed with neglect of Chinese legal doctrine,inadequate persuasive power of Portuguese legal doctrine,unclear scope of doctrine citation,and lengthy and unfocused content.Such phenomenon can be attributed to the imperfect norms,dependence on the traditional path,lack of recognition of legal academic institutions,and inadequate Macao legal doctrine.From an ontological perspective,legal doctrine is not a legal source in Macao in the narrow sense of the term,but it provides the legislative background,sources of reasoning,and sources of theory,playing a role in helping people understand the original intent,filling loopholes,and enhancing authority.Therefore,when citing legal doctrine,judicial judgments should adhere to the principle that the citation should be legitimate,necessary and acceptable.Based on the development of the concept of legal localization,the citation of legal doctrine in Macao’s judicial judgments should be optimized through institutional improvement,cultural fostering,and system renewal,so as to promote communication and dialogue in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area,and enhance the level of regional rule of law and even the rule of law regarding foreign-related matters.

关 键 词：司法裁判 法律学说 法律本地化 区域法治 中国澳门 

分 类 号：D926[政治法律—法学]