论道庙堂:《康熙几暇格物编》中的动物释读  

The Emperor’s Opinion:A Study of the Animals in Kangxi Jixia Gewu Bian

作　　者：邹振环[1] Zou Zhenhuan

机构地区：[1]复旦大学历史系

出　　处：《国际汉学》2023年第6期105-114,159,共11页International Sinology

基　　金：故宫博物院2021年开放性课题重点项目“互鉴与自信:明清紫禁城与东西文化交流”(项目编号:202111029)的阶段性研究成果;“中国青基会梅赛德斯—奔驰星愿基金”的大力资助。

摘　　要：《康熙几暇格物编》是康熙皇帝在政事余暇,与他人讨论科学问题的读书札记,是他学习、研究和考察自然现象、文化问题所写的读书心得。全书由六大部分组成。所记每事皆按条目编写,每条都有标题,每一条目皆由题目和内容构成,或长或短,类似后来辞书中的辞条或年鉴中专门论述一个问题的条目。书中有不少是康熙长期出师行猎巡视各地,以及关于物产资料、山川动物、江河鱼类、草木药材、风云雷电、潮汐地震、语音方言、风俗习惯等的考察记录。札记中涉及的动物特别引人注目。本文拟以该书中的动物札记为切入点,尝试分析虎踞宫廷之中的意见领袖康熙皇帝,是如何释读自己所认识的动物,进而将庙堂有关博物学的认识,提升为其政治统治服务的特点。Kangxi Jixia Gewu Bian(《康熙几暇格物编》)is a collection of reading notes written by Emperor Kangxi in his spare time from political affairs discussing scientific issues with others.And it was written from his study,research and inspection of natural phenomena and culture issues.The book is divided into six parts.Everything was written in entries,each consisting of a title and content in small or big length.The content is similar to entries in later dictionaries or entries in yearbooks specifically discussing a problem.Much of the book is the record of Kangxi’s long-term hunting expeditions to various places,as well as investigation about product information,mountain animals,river fishes,herbs and medicinal materials,wind,clouds,thunder and lightning,tides and earthquakes,phonetic dialects,custom and habits,etc.The animals mentioned in the notes are particularly noticeable.This article intends to take the animal notes in the book as the starting point to analyze how Emperor Kangxi,described the animals he observed and knew,and to discuss the features of the knowledge of natural history that was used to serve his political rule.

关 键 词：《康熙几暇格物编》 动物意象 读书札记 自然考察 庙堂政见 

分 类 号：K24[历史地理—历史学]