低纬山地雨凇、雾凇气象景观成因分析  

Analysis on the Causes of Meteorological Landscapes Caused by Rime and Fog in Low Latitude Mountainous Areas

作　　者：赖雨薇 黄归兰 梁岱云 梁健 郑贤 Lai Yuwei;Huang Guilan;Liang Daiyun;Liang Jian;Zheng Xian(Nanning Meteorological Bureau,Nanning 530000,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]南宁市气象局,广西南宁530000

出　　处：《绿色科技》2023年第24期16-22,共7页Journal of Green Science and Technology

基　　金：广西区气象局气象科研计划重点项目(编号:桂气科2020M12)。

摘　　要：气象景观是特殊的旅游资源,具有经济效益、社会效益和环境效益。雨凇、雾凇是一种特殊的气象景观,在低纬度出现较少,其预报和预测工作对旅游和景区气象服务来说意义重大。以大明山为例,利用监测资料和再分析资料,对2018年末至2019年初出现持续性雨凇、雾凇天气时的大明山地面监测气象要素、大气环流背景、探空数据层结及水汽和物理量条件等方面进行了分析。结果表明:中高纬度阻塞系统建立和崩溃造成的横槽型寒潮、对流层低层暖湿气流持续输送水汽、雨雾和冰点形成的环境得以维持较长时间,是大明山雾凇、雨凇景观的维持机制;低层来自孟加拉湾和南海的暖湿气流,为南方大范围雨雪及大明山雾凇、雨凇天气提供水汽条件,锋面提供上升运动;逆温层的存在和地面静风高湿环境的存在和维持有利于雾凇、雨凇的形成。As a special tourism resource,meteorological landscape has economic and social benefits.Rainfall and frost are a special meteorological landscape,and their forecasting and forecasting work is of great significance to tourism and scenic spot meteorological services.Taking Daming Mountain in Guangxi Province as an example,this paper analyzes the meteorological elements,atmospheric circulation background,sounding data layer,water vapor and physical quantity conditions of Daming Mountain from late 2018 to early 2019.The results show that under the influence of the transverse trough cold wave,the warm and humid air flow in the lower troposphere continues to transport water vapor,and the environment formed by water vapor and fog and freezing point can be maintained for a long time,which is the maintenance mechanism of the rime and fog frost landscape of Daming Mountain.The warm and humid air flowing from the Bay of Bengal and the South China Sea in the lower layer provides water vapor conditions for the large-scale rain and snow in the south,as well as the frosty and rainy weather of Daming Mountain,and the frontage provides upward movement;The existence of the inversion layer and the existence and maintenance of the ground static wind and high humidity environment are conducive to the formation of rime and fog.

关 键 词：气象景观 雨凇 雾凇 天气形式 

分 类 号：P456[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]