磷尾矿在农业领域的应用研究现状及展望  

Application Status and Prospect of Phosphate Tailings in Agriculture

作　　者：朱秀雯 唐远 裴丰 何东升[1,3] 李智力 秦芳[1] 池汝安[1,3] ZHU Xiuwen;TANG Yuan;PEI Feng;HE Dongsheng;LI Zhili;QIN Fang;CHI Ru′an(School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430073,China;Hubei Yihua Chemical Technology Research and Development Co.,Ltd.,Yichang 443208,China;Hubei Three Gorges Laboratory,Yichang 443007,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学资源与安全工程学院,湖北武汉430073 [2]湖北宜化化工科技研发有限公司,湖北宜昌443208 [3]湖北三峡实验室,湖北宜昌443007

出　　处：《化学与生物工程》2024年第1期1-7,共7页Chemistry & Bioengineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC2904701);湖北省高等学校优秀中青年科技创新团队计划项目(T2021006);武汉工程大学科学基金研究项目(K2021099);云南省技术创新中心项目(202305AK340002)。

摘　　要：我国磷矿资源丰富,但平均品位不高,经采选后会产生大量的磷尾矿,而磷尾矿中含有大量植物生长所必需的元素,实现磷尾矿在农业领域的资源化利用至关重要。介绍了土壤系统中的磷循环及不同地区磷尾矿的化学组成,综述了磷尾矿在农业领域的应用现状,包括复垦修复、制肥、制备土壤调理剂及土壤保水剂等,提出了磷尾矿在农业领域的梯级利用新思路,指出合理运用物理、化学或生物等手段,激发磷尾矿中有效元素活性并使其再次进入生态循环,是实现磷尾矿在农业领域资源化利用的关键,为进一步提高磷尾矿的资源化利用水平提供了指导。China is abundant with phosphate rock resources,however the average grade is not high,thus plenty of phosphate tailings have been produced during the mining and dressing process;meanwhile,the phosphate tailings contain a lot of elements necessary for plant growth.Therefore,it is of importance to realize the resource utilization of phosphate tailings in agriculture.In this paper,we introduce the phosphorus cycle in soil system and the chemical composition of phosphate tailings in different areas,and review the application status of phosphate tailings in agriculture,including reclamation and restoration,fertilizer production,and preparation of soil conditioner and water retaining agent.Moreover,we propose a new idea of cascade utilization of phosphate tailings in agriculture,and point out that the key to realize the resource utilization of phosphate tailings in agriculture is to excite the activation of available elements in phosphate tailings and make them enter the ecological cycle again by reasonable usage of physical,chemical or biological means.The study provides a guidance for further improving the level of resource utilization of phosphate tailings.

关 键 词：磷尾矿 应用 农业领域 梯级利用 

分 类 号：TQ126.3[化学工程—无机化工]