APP/ZB协效阻燃发泡木塑复合材料性能研究  

Study on properties of APP/ZB synergistic flame-retardant foamed wood-plastic composites

作　　者：李奇[1,2] 刘杰 赵雅婷[1,2] 赵雪松 雷志涛 Li Qi;Liu Jie;Zhao Yating;Zhao Xuesong;Lei Zhitao(College of Material Science and Art Design,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018;Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Sandy Shrubs Fibrosis and Energy Development and Utilization,Hohhot 010018;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学材料科学与艺术设计学院,呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古自治区沙生灌木资源纤维化和能源化开发利用重点实验室,呼和浩特010018 [3]内蒙古农业大学机电工程学院,呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《化工新型材料》2024年第1期264-269,共6页New Chemical Materials

基　　金：内蒙古自然科学基金面上项目(2022MS03043);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2021GG0075);国家自然科学基金地区项目(31660177)。

摘　　要：为了拓宽发泡木塑复合材料(FWPC)的功能性,以沙柳木粉、高密度聚乙烯(PE-HD)为主要原料,纳米炭黑(Nano-CB)为导电填料,聚磷酸铵(APP)和硼酸锌(ZB)作为阻燃剂和抑烟成分进行复配,采用发泡工艺和模压法制备阻燃抗静电型发泡木塑复合材料。研究APP/ZB协效阻燃剂质量比对FWPC力学性能、阻燃抑烟性能及热稳定性能的影响。结果表明:当APP/ZB总加入量为20%,质量比为4∶1时,FWPC的各项性能相对较优,静曲强度、弹性模量、拉伸强度和冲击强度分别为30.11MPa、2636MPa、14.65MPa和3.72kJ/m^(2),氧指数达27.3%,属难燃级别;与单独加APP时相比,力学性能降低,烟释放速总量降低11.93%,CO产率峰值和平均CO产率分别降低80.6%和49.3%,总失重率从63.53%降至61.42%,热稳定性能提高;FWPC燃烧后炭层表面凹凸不平,复合材料的阻燃和抑烟性能得到提升。In order to broaden the functionality of foamed wood-plastic composites(FWPC),with Salix wood powder and high-density polyethylene(PE-HD) as main raw materials,nano-carbon black(Nano-CB) as conductive filler,ammonium polyphosphate(APP) and zinc borate(ZB) as flame retardant and smoke suppressant,flame-retardant and antistatic foamed wood-plastic composites were prepared by foaming process and molding method.The influence of the mass ratio of APP/ZB synergistic flame retardant on the mechanical properties,flame retardancy,smoke suppression and thermal stability of FWPC was studied.The results showed that when the total content of APP/ZB was 20% and the mass ratio was 4∶1,FWPC had good performance,and the static bending strength,elastic modulus,tensile strength and impact strength were 30.11MPa,2636MPa,14.65MPa and 3.72kJ/m^(2),respectively.The oxygen index reached 27.3%,indicating a flame-retardant level.Compared with the addition of APP alone,the mechanical properties were reduced,the total smoke release rate decreased by 11.93%,the peak and average CO yield decreased by 80.6% and 49.3%,respectively,the total weight loss rate decreased from 63.53% to 61.42%,and the thermal stability was improved.After FWPC combustion,the surface of the carbon layer was uneven,and the flame retardancy and smoke suppression properties of the composites were enhanced.

关 键 词：发泡木塑 力学性能 阻燃 抑烟 热稳定性能 

分 类 号：TQ325.1[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业] TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]